1.2. Analysis.

Comparison 1 DRUG VERSUS PLACEBO, Outcome 2 Number of people failing to improve incontinence.

Number of people failing to improve incontinence
Study	Drug	Placebo
Loperamide versus placebo
Read 1982 #	Episodes of urgency: 7/26 Incontinence episodes: 19/26 Per cent unformed stool per week (mean, range): 40% (0%‐100%)	Episodes of urgency: 23/26 Incontinence episodes: 24/26 Per cent unformed stool per week (mean, range): 57% (0%‐100%) (P < 0.001)
Sun 1997 #	No improvement in stool consistency: 2/11 Per cent of days with unformed stools: 33% (loperamide oxide)	No improvement in stool consistency: 8/11 Per cent of days with unformed stools: 66% (P < 0.02)
Diphenoxylate + atropine versus placebo
Harford 1980 #	No improvement in stool weight and frequency: 3/15	No improvement in stool weight and frequency: 3/15
Phenylephrine gel versus placebo
Carapeti 2000a #	No subjective improvement: 30/36	34/36
Carapeti 2000b #	No undefined 'improvement': 6/12	11/12