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. 2009 Oct 7;2009(4):CD002192. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002192.pub2

Shafer 1989.

Methods Anaesthetic drugs used: methohexitone, 70% N2O in O2, methohexitone infusion with boluses as required 
 Premed‐induction interval: 30‐60 
 (minutes)
Participants 150
Interventions Drug(s) and dose: midazolam 5mg vs. placebo (intramuscular) then fentanyl 100microg vs. oxymorphone 1mg vs. placebo (intravenous)
Outcomes Times from end of anaesthesia to ambulation and discharge
Notes 1) Patients asked to characterise effect of second injection as pleasant, unpleasant or no change. Visual analogue score used for anxiety and sedation ‐ both significantly affected by midazolam 
 2) Difference from placebo? No
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation? Low risk Computer generated random number list
Allocation concealment? Low risk Allocation concealment by independent pharmacist