Table 1.

Overview of AHRE trials regarding thromboembolism risk

Trial	n	Prior AF (%)	Mean CHADS2 score	Definition of AHRE		AHRE + annual TE (%)	AHRE − annual TE (%)	RR for TE	p
				atrial rate	Duration
ASSERT [4]	2580	0	2.2	> 190 bpm	> 6 min	1.7	0.7	2.5	0.007
AT500 [36]	725	100	–	AT/AF	> 24 h	–	–	3.1	0.044
Benezet-Mazuecos [32]	109	31	2.3	≥ 225 bpm	≥ 5 min	–	–	3.04	< 0.05
ClinicalService [27]	3907	21	2	-	-	0.21	–	-	–
IMPACT [15]	227	17.6	2.5	≥ 220 bpm	≥ 5 min	3.1	2.3	− 35.3	0.251
Kawakami et al. [48]	343	24	2.3	≥ 175 bpm	> 6 min	8.48	2.8	2.87	0.03
Li et al. [49]	594	0	3.2	≥ 175 bpm	≥ 5 min	1.85	1.14	1.31	0.582
Miyazawa et al. [50]	856	24.8	1.9	≥ 175 bpm	≥ 5 min	2.6	0.9	3.4a	0.01
MOST [19]	312	60	–	> 220 bpm	> 5 min	–	–	2.8a	0.001
PANORAMA [27]	3556	25	2	> 175 bpm	≥ 20 s	0.28	–	–	–
SOS AF Project [27]	10,016	24	2	> 175 bpm	≥ 20 s	1.28	0.72	2.05	0.005
TRENDS [10]	2486	20	2.2	> 175 bpm	≥ 5.5 h	2.4	1.1	2.2	0.06
Turakhia et al. [33]	9850	41	3.2	AT/AF	≥ 5.5 h	–	–	4.2	< 0.05

AT atrial tachycardia, bpm beats per minute, RR relative risk; TE thromboembolism, h hour(s), min minute(s), s second(s)

^aCombined endpoint of death and non-fatal stroke