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. 2020 Mar 26;10:5538. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62614-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Flow diagram illustrating the methods to extract the trabecular bone cortical bone volumes for morphometric analysis. The mean trabecular direction (MTD) (highlighted in red) was aligned with the supero-inferior (SI) axis in the coronal and sagittal views. 16-bit grey scale images were binarised by implementing a global threshold based on the image stack histogram. A mask of the whole bone was used to determine the radius and centre of a best fit sphere within the femoral head. The centroid was used as the lower slice for the region over with the analysis was performed.