Effects of ampakine CX717 on heart rate and mean arterial pressure. A: average change in heart rate (Δbeats/min) from baseline after CX717 alone, CX717+ hypoxia, and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD + hypoxia). Data from 90 min posttreatment, which were collected in a separate cohort, are shown in inset. There was no significant change in heart rate from baseline with CX717 alone; however, heart rate was lower than baseline at 40 and 60 min after CX717+ hypoxia and HPCD + hypoxia. At the 90-min time point, there were no differences between groups; however, the HPCD + hypoxia group was significantly different from baseline. B: average change in mean arterial pressure (ΔmmHg) from baseline. There was no significant decrease from baseline in mean arterial pressure in the CX717 group; however, average mean arterial pressure was decreased at 60 min after CX717 + hypoxia and at all time points after HPCD + hypoxia. At the 90-min time point, CX717 + hypoxia was significantly different from both other groups and significantly different from baseline. #P < 0.05, CX717 is significantly different from both other groups. *P < 0.05, HPCD + hypoxia is significantly different from both other groups. ^P < 0.05, CX717 + hypoxia is significantly different from both other groups. +P < 0.05, significant difference compared with 0 (baseline).