Fig. 4.

AICAR promotes the localization of Par3 to the plasma membrane. A: confluent Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were incubated in media containing 5 μM Ca²⁺ [low-Ca²⁺ media (LCM)] for 16 h. Fresh LCM with or without 2 mM AICAR was introduced for 1 h. Cells undergoing the Ca²⁺ switch were introduced to media containing 1.8 mM Ca²⁺ for 1 h. Cells were fixed and immunostained for Par3. Scale bar, 30 μm. Arrowheads indicate sites of junction assembly. B: quantification of Par3 localization at sites of junction assembly. Data were analyzed for each experimental condition based on four randomly obtained views from three independent coverslips. Error bars represent the SE of the length of Par3 per cell within each of the four selected fields of view. ** or ****Significant difference due to the presence of AICAR (P < 0.01) or the Ca²⁺ switch (P < 0.0001) compared with LCM conditions based on one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test.