Fig. 6.

Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-mediated transport of Na⁺ plays an important role in nuclear size and high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1) localization in cystic fibrosis (CF) small airway epithelial cells (SAECs). A: FPS-ZM1, N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG), and amiloride (AMIL) treatments significantly decrease nuclear size of CF SAECs (gray bars; n = 3 independent studies with 4 regions of interest per slide analyzed). Nuclear size of normal (N) SAECs [control (CTR) and amiloride] is also shown (open bars). *P < 0.01 vs. CTR CF SAEC (by ANOVA and post hoc Holm’s t test). No significant difference (NS, by t-test) between normal SAEC treatment groups. B: binary wide-field images of HMGB-1 cellular localization in CF (control and FPS-ZM1-, NMDG-, and amiloride-treated) and normal SAECs.