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. 2020 Mar 27;10:59. doi: 10.1186/s13568-020-00995-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Cytotoxic effect of the S. typhimurium VNP20009 expressing Laz (VNP-Laz) on tumor cells in vitro. Monolayers of breast cancer cells MCF-7 were co-cultured with increasing bacterial densities (104, 10⁶, or 10⁸ cfu) of VNP alone or VNP-Laz under hypoxic conditions for 24 h. Apoptosis was assessed using caspase 3, 7 homogenate assay. All data are shown as mean ± s.e.m and represent data from three independent experiments n = 3. *P < 0.0001 with respect to the control groups at the same concentration