TABLE 3.
MiRNAs involved in pathologies of the vasculature.
| MiRNAs | Expression | Pathology | Effect | Via | References |
| Damage ECs | |||||
| miR-125b | ↑(Up) | Stimulation or ischemia | Inhibition of in vitro tube formation | ↓ VE-cadherin VEGF | Vosgha et al., 2018; Ballantyne et al., 2019 |
| miR-126 | ↓ (Down) | Aging | Senescence | Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1)-α | Alique et al., 2019 |
| CKD | Endothelial dysfunction | CXCL12 V-CAM 1 | Metzinger-Le Meuth et al., 2017 | ||
| miR-34b-5p | ↓ (Down) | Cancer | Proliferation and angiogenesis | VEGF-A | Maroof et al., 2017 |
| miR-205 | ↑(Up) | Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer | Inhibition of tumor growth | VEGF-A | Vosgha et al., 2018 |
| VSMCs phenotype regulation | |||||
| miR-21 | ↓ (Down) | Abdominal aortic aneurysms and atherosclerosis (unstable plaques in humans) | Antiproliferative | RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) | Barwari et al., 2018 |
| miR-143/145 cluster | ↓ (Down) | Vascular injury (vascular remodeling), hypertension, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary-arterial hypertension | VSMC differentiation and phenotypic switch | ↓ Jag-1/Notch ↓ SRF/Myocardin | Vacante et al., 2019 |
| Alteractions in ECs and VSMCs | |||||
| miR-155 | ↓ (Down) | CKD osteoclastogenesis (vascular calcification) | Differentiation of monocytes/macrophages into osteoclast-like cells | ↓TNF-α | Metzinger-Le Meuth et al., 2017 |
| miR-223 | ↑(Up) | CKD (vascular calcification, osteoclastogenesis) | Transdifferentiation of VSMCs into an “osteoblast-like” phenotype | RhoB/MEF2C/SMαA | Metzinger-Le Meuth et al., 2017 |