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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019 Jul 11;10(8):3437–3453. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00061

Figure 1. Neuroprotective properties of GT949 in bilaminar cultures after acute exposure to glutamate (in the presence of glia).

Figure 1.

Bilaminar cultures at 14 DIV were treated with glia-conditioned medium containing L-glutamate for 20 minutes, followed by replacement of the glutamate-containing medium and compound treatment for 24 hours. Then, cells were fixed and immunostained as previously described for neuronal survival analysis. Application of 10 nM GT949 and GT996 alone had no noticeable effects on neuronal survival. Acute 100 μM L-glutamate significantly reduced neuronal survival, and GT949 and AP-V mitigated L-glutamate toxicity. GT996 also had no effect on L-glutamate toxicity. Data was normalized to control. 3–4 coverslips were assessed per treatment condition and 100–150 cells were manually counted per treatment. Neuronal survival data is representative of 3 independent experiments and control levels were not statistically different for normalization purposes. **p<0.01, vs. control (no insult), ##p<0.01, #p<0.05, vs. insult.