Table 2.

Indian plants active against herpes simplex viruses in vitro

Plant	Family	Product	Strain	References
1. Adansonia digitata	Bombaceae	Ext	HSV	[27]
2. Aglai odorata	Meliaceae	Ext	1a	[28]
3. Aloe vera	Liliaceae	Ext	2	[29]
4. Andrographis paniculata	Acanthaceae	Diterpenes	1	[30]
5. Atlantia sp.	Rutaceae	Pyrophorbide	2	[31]
6. Azadirachta indica	Meliaceae	Ext	1	[32]
7. Barleria lupulina	Acanthaceae	Iridoid glycoside	1	[33]
8. Bauhinia racemosa	Caesalpiniaceae	Ext	HSV	[34]
9. Bauhinia variegate		Ext	1,2	[35]
10. Bidens pilosa	Asteraceae	Ext	1,2	[36]
11. Cedrus libani	Pinaceae	Ext, oil	1	[37]
12. Cissus quadrangularis	Vitaceae	Ext	1,2	[38]
13. Conyza aegyptica	Asteraceae	Ext	HSV	[27]
14. Cyperus rotundus	Cyperaceae	Ext	1	[39]
15. Euphorbia peplus	Euphorbiaceae	Diterpene esters	2	[40]
16. Glycyrrhiza glabra	Fabaceae	Glycyrrhizin	HSV	[41]
17. Heliotropium marifolium	Boraginaceae	Alkaloid	HSV	[42]
18. Holoptelea integrifolia	Ulmaceae	Ext	HSV	[43]
19. Houttuynia cordata	Sarauiaceae	Ext	1,2	[36]
		Pure compounds	1	[44]
20. Hypericum hookerianum	Hyperaceae	Ext	1	[45]
21. Hypericum mysorense		Ext	1	[45]
22. Lippia alba	Verbenaceae	Ext	1	[46]
23. Melia azaderach	Meliaceae	Ext	2a	[47]
		Meliacine	1	[48]
24. Mentha piperata	Lamiaceae	Essential oil	1,2	[49]
25. Momordia charantia	Cucurbitaceae	Ext	1	[50]
26. Moringa oleifera	Moringaceae	Ext	1a	[28]
27. Myrica rubra	Myricaceae	Pure compounds	2	[51]
28. Neerium indicum	Apocynaceae	Ext	HSV	[43]
29. Pandanus amaryllifolius	Pandanaceae	Pandanin	1	[52]
30. Peganum harmala	Rutaceae	Ext	1	[53]
31. Phyllanthus emblica	Euphorbiaceae	Pure compounds	HSV	[54]
32. Phyllanthus urinaria		Pure compounds	1,2	[55]
33. Pinus massoniana	Pinaceae	Ext	HSV	[56]
34. Plantago major	Plantaginaceae	Ext	HSV	[56]
35. Portulaca oleracea	Portulacaceae	Polysaccharides	2	[57]
36. Salvia officinalis	Lamiaceae	Ext	1,2	[58]
37. Santalum album	Santalaceae	Oil	1,2	[59]
38. Scinaia hatei	Liagonaceae	Polysaccharides	HSV	[60]
39. Scoparia dulcis	Scrophulariaceae	Scopadulcic acid	1	[61]
40. Solanum torvum	Solanaceae	Torvanol A	1	[62]
		Torvoside H	1
41. Sorghum bicolor	Poaceae	Peptide	1	[63]
42. Strobilanthus cusia	Acanthaceae	Lupeol	1	[64]
43. Swertia chirata	Gentinaceae	Ext	1	[65]
44. Syzygium aromaticum	Myrtaceae	Eugenin	1	[66]
45. Syzygium jambos		Ext	1	[67]
46. Taracetium vulgare	Asteraceae	Ext, Parthenolide	1,2	[68]
47. Usnea complanta	Usneaceae	Ext	1	[45]
48. Ventilago denticulate	Rhamnaceae	Ext	1a	[28]
49. Withania somnifera	Solanaceae	Ext	1	[69]

Ext crude extracts in different solvents; HSV unspecified strain, 1 or 2 HSV-1 or HSV-2

^aTested in vivo