Table 3.
Previous studies of autologous stem cell transplant for high-risk brain tumors in children
| Ref. | Number of patients | Tumor types | Conditioninga | Response rate (CR + PR) | Overall survival | Event-free survival | TRMb | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [13] | 45 | Different tumors | TE | 23 | 40 (6 months) 33 (1 year) 16 (2 years) | N/Ac | 16 | Survival was better in patients with minimal residual disease. |
| [14] | 27 | Different tumors | TE | N/A | 45 (3 years) | 31 (3 years) | 4 | Significant difference in survival for patients with complete remission compared to patients with measurable disease before AHSCT. |
| [15] | 20 | Different tumors | TB | 26 | N/A | N/A | ||
| [16] | 19 | Different tumors | CM | 39 | 39 (1 year) | 17 (1 year) | 22 | |
| [17] | 49 | Different tumors | CM (n = 37) BM (n = 9) CE (n = 3) | 20 | N/A | 37 (3 years) | 2 | Survival was better in patients with complete remission |
| [7] | 20 | Different tumors | TCE (n = 16) TE (n = 3) TEBCNU (n = 1) | 50 | 43 (3 years) | 47 (3 years) | 10 | Survival was better in patients with complete remission or minimal residual disease |
| [18] | 11 | Different tumors | TE (N = 6) TEBCNU (n = 5) | 0 | 45 (2 years) | 45 (2 years) | 0 | Only children without measurable disease before AHSCT survived |
| [19] | 19 | Medulloblastoma, supratentorial PNET | BM (n = 12) TBM (n = 3) BMTopo (n = 4) | 47 | N/A | 38 (2 years) | 15 | Survival was better in patients with complete remission |
| [5] | 23 | Medulloblastoma | TCE | N/A | 61 (2 years) 46 (3 year) | 44 (2 years) 34 (3 years) | 13 | |
| [20] | 20 | Medulloblastoma | TB | 75 | N/A | 50 (3 years) | 5 | |
| [21] | 15 | Medulloblastoma | TB | 71 | 13 (10 years) | 13 (10 years) | 27 | Hepatic VOD in 66.7% of patients. |
| [6] | 17 | Non-posterior fossa PNET | TCE | 40 | N/A | 29 (5 years) | 11 | Surgery at relapse, irradiation post-AHSCT and non-pineoblastoma were favorable prognostic factors |
| [8] | 21 | Germ cell tumor | TCE (n = 9) T (n = 6) TE (n = 3) TCTemo (n = 3) | 70 | 57 (4 years) | 52 (4 years) | 0 | Patients with germinoma fared better than those with NGGCTs No difference in survival between patients with and without residual disease before AHSCT |
| [22] | 24 | Diffuse pontine glioma | TB | 0 | 67 (9 months) | 21 (9 months) | 13 | Survival not better than conventional therapy |
| [23] | 11 | Glioblastoma multiforme | TEBCNU | 27 | 73 (1 year) 46 (2 years) | 64 (1 year) 46 (2 years) | 18 | 45% severe pulmonary or neurological toxicities |
| [24] | 13 | Malignant glioma | Tcy | 31 | 62 (1 year) | 38 (1 year) | 9 | For patients with bulky residual disease after surgery, survival with AHSCT is not better than conventional therapy |
| [25] | 10 | Malignant glioma | TE (n = 5) TEBCNU (n = 5) | 60 | N/A | N/A | 0 | |
| [26] | 36 | Malignant glioma | BCNU | 44 | N/A | N/A | 17 | |
| [9] | 15 | Ependymoma | TCE | 0 | 40 (6 months) 33 (1 year) 20 (2 years) | 27 (6 months) 27 (1 year) 0 (2 year) | 33 | |
| [27] | 16 | Ependymoma | TB | 0 | N/A | 19 (1 year) | 6 |
aT, Thiotepa; C, Carboplatin; E, Etoposide; B, Busulfan; M, Melphalan; Cy,Cyclophosphamide; BCNU, Carmustine; Temo,Temozolomide; Topo, Topotecan; bTRM, Transplant-related mortality; cN/A, Data not available