Table 3.
Multivariable models of the association of bedroom screen access, mealtime setting and mealtime interaction with children’s overweight and obesity trajectory class.
| Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Stage 4 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted early life, diet quality, parenting | As (2) with child health behaviours | As (3) with mutual adjustment for primary exposures | |||||||
| Trajectory class | Exposure (reference group) | Contrast | RRR (95% CI) | p | RRR (95% CI) | p | RRR (95% CI) | p | RRR (95% CI) | p |
| (a) Models for bedroom screen access | ||||||||||
| High/Increasing Obesity | Bedroom screen trajectory (late) | Early increase | 3.78 (2.00, 7.16) | <0.001 | 2.74 (1.38, 5.43) | 0.005 | 2.72 (1.38, 5.37) | 0.005 | 2.55 (1.30, 5.00) | 0.007 |
| High stable | 4.07 (2.08, 7.98) | <0.001 | 1.96 (0.94, 4.09) | 0.071 | 1.97 (0.96, 4.03) | 0.062 | 1.77 (0.86, 3.62) | 0.118 | ||
| High/Stable Overweight | Bedroom screen trajectory (late) | Early increase | 1.73 (1.09, 2.73) | 0.020 | 1.68 (1.06, 2.65) | 0.027 | 1.60 (1.01, 2.55) | 0.048 | 1.62 (1.01, 2.57) | 0.044 |
| High stable | 1.41 (0.93, 2.13) | 0.105 | 1.18 (0.77, 1.83) | 0.44 | 1.10 (0.71, 1.69) | 0.672 | 1.11 (0.72, 1.72) | 0.623 | ||
| Increasing Overweight | Bedroom screen trajectory (late) | Early increase | 1.70 (1.20, 2.41) | 0.004 | 1.34 (0.94, 1.91) | 0.1 | 1.25 (0.88, 1.79) | 0.205 | 1.21 (0.85, 1.72) | 0.285 |
| High stable | 1.86 (1.34, 2.59) | <0.001 | 1.23 (0.88, 1.73) | 0.218 | 1.10 (0.78, 1.54) | 0.581 | 1.05 (0.75, 1.46) | 0.788 | ||
| Decreasing Overweight | Bedroom screen trajectory (late) | Early increase | 0.83 (0.57, 1.22) | 0.337 | 0.79 (0.52, 1.20) | 0.259 | 0.76 (0.50, 1.16) | 0.199 | 0.76 (0.50, 1.16) | 0.198 |
| High stable | 0.86 (0.62, 1.18) | 0.330 | 0.80 (0.50, 1.29) | 0.352 | 0.76 (0.47, 1.21) | 0.238 | 0.75 (0.47, 1.20) | 0.225 | ||
| (b) Models for meal setting | ||||||||||
| High/Increasing Obesity | Meal setting (formal) | Intermediate | 2.37 (1.39, 4.02) | 0.002 | 2.00 (1.18, 3.39) | 0.011 | 1.98 (1.15, 3.40) | 0.015 | 1.89 (1.09, 3.28) | 0.023 |
| Informal | 6.93 (4.25, 11.29) | <.0001 | 3.80 (2.15, 6.72) | <0.001 | 3.83 (2.07, 7.08) | <0.001 | 3.67 (1.99, 6.77) | <0.001 | ||
| High/Stable Overweight | Meal setting (formal) | Intermediate | 1.07 (0.76, 1.50) | 0.702 | 0.99 (0.69, 1.44) | 0.976 | 0.97 (0.67, 1.39) | 0.852 | 0.94 (0.65, 1.36) | 0.748 |
| Informal | 1.24 (0.78, 1.98) | 0.362 | 1.04 (0.58, 1.83) | 0.904 | 0.97 (0.56, 1.68) | 0.904 | 0.94 (0.54, 1.62) | 0.811 | ||
| Increasing Overweight | Meal setting (formal) | Intermediate | 1.65 (1.13, 2.40) | 0.011 | 1.55 (1.06, 2.25) | 0.024 | 1.51 (1.03, 2.20) | 0.034 | 1.50 (1.03, 2.19) | 0.036 |
| Informal | 2.17 (1.47, 3.18) | <0.001 | 1.84 (1.23, 2.75) | 0.004 | 1.73 (1.16, 2.59) | 0.008 | 1.75 (1.17, 2.62) | 0.007 | ||
| Decreasing Overweight | Meal setting (formal) | Intermediate | 0.79 (0.60, 1.05) | 0.101 | 0.78 (0.58, 1.06) | 0.111 | 0.77 (0.57, 1.04) | 0.082 | 0.78 (0.58, 1.05) | 0.104 |
| Informal | 1.09 (0.78, 1.53) | 0.593 | 1.26 (0.89, 1.77) | 0.188 | 1.21 (0.85, 1.71) | 0.291 | 1.23 (0.86, 1.75) | 0.243 | ||
| (c) Models for mealtime interaction | ||||||||||
| High/Increasing Obesity | Mealtime interaction (negative) | Intermediate | 0.88 (0.50, 1.56) | 0.656 | 1.10 (0.61, 1.98) | 0.759 | 1.06 (0.59, 1.92) | 0.836 | 1.09 (0.61, 1.95) | 0.772 |
| Positive | 1.05 (0.60, 1.82) | 0.875 | 1.36 (0.75, 2.46) | 0.31 | 1.35 (0.74, 2.46) | 0.317 | 1.33 (0.73, 2.45) | 0.346 | ||
| High/Stable Overweight | Mealtime interaction (negative) | Intermediate | 0.88 (0.56, 1.38) | 0.558 | 0.83 (0.53, 1.31) | 0.418 | 0.84 (0.54, 1.31) | 0.435 | 0.84 (0.54, 1.31) | 0.444 |
| Positive | 1.18 (0.77, 1.80) | 0.439 | 1.11 (0.69, 1.79) | 0.652 | 1.14 (0.72, 1.80) | 0.584 | 1.14 (0.71, 1.82) | 0.586 | ||
| Increasing Overweight | Mealtime interaction (negative) | Intermediate | 1.48 (1.04, 2.10) | 0.029 | 1.53 (1.07, 2.18) | 0.022 | 1.54 (1.07, 2.21) | 0.020 | 1.57 (1.09, 2.24) | 0.015 |
| Positive | 1.54 (1.10, 2.17) | 0.013 | 1.59 (1.09, 2.31) | 0.016 | 1.63 (1.13, 2.35) | 0.010 | 1.64 (1.13, 2.36) | 0.01 | ||
| Decreasing Overweight | Mealtime interaction (negative) | Intermediate | 1.05 (0.74, 1.49) | 0.791 | 0.91 (0.63, 1.32) | 0.62 | 0.92 (0.63, 1.34) | 0.667 | 0.95 (0.65, 1.37) | 0.76 |
| Positive | 1.24 (0.82, 1.86) | 0.300 | 1.03 (0.68, 1.59) | 0.874 | 1.06 (0.69, 1.62) | 0.799 | 1.07 (0.70, 1.64) | 0.757 | ||
Stages 1–3 present separate models for each primary exposure. Stage 1 = unadjusted models. Stage 2 adjusted for child gender, firstborn, teenage mother, mother minority ethnicity, mother’s education, mother’s mental health, mother’s BMI, smoking in pregnancy, lone parenthood, poverty, large family, breastfeeding duration, age at first solids, child healthy diet, child varied diet, home disorganisation, irregular bedtimes and skipping breakfast. Stage 3 was further adjusted for school-age screen time trajectory, physical activity and sleep. In Stage 4, covariates were as for Stage 3 while primary exposures were mutually adjusted
RRR relative risk ratio, CI confidence interval, where comparison group was the Low Risk trajectory