Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of children and schools participating in The Daily Mile study overall and by trial arm.
| Characteristics | Intervention arm | Control arm | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | n = 1153 | n = 1127 | n = 2280 |
| Sex: | |||
| Female | 549 (47.6) | 534 (47.5) | 1083 (47.5) |
| Male | 604 (52.4) | 591 (52.5) | 1195 (52.5) |
| Not knownc | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 8.8 (1.1) | 8.8 (1.0) | 8.9 (1.0) |
| Ethnicity: | |||
| White British | 614 (53.3) | 559 (50.0) | 1173 (51.5) |
| South Asian | 186 (16.2) | 183 (16.3) | 369 (16.2) |
| Black African Caribbean | 88 (7.6) | 103 (9.2) | 191 (8.4) |
| Other/not specified | 264 (22.9) | 279 (24.8) | 543 (23.9) |
| Not knownc | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Deprivation fiftha: | |||
| 1 (most deprived) | 575 (49.9) | 621 (55.1) | 1196 (52.5) |
| 2 | 459 (39.8) | 169 (15.0) | 628 (27.5) |
| 3 | 59 (5.1) | 222 (19.7) | 281 (12.3) |
| 4 | 60 (5.2) | 58 (5.2) | 118 (5.2) |
| 5 (least deprived) | 0 (0.0) | 57 (5.1) | 57 (2.5) |
| Anthropometric | |||
| BMI z score: | n = 1077 | n = 1028 | n = 2105 |
| Mean (SD) BMI z score | 0.37 (1.2) | 0.38 (1.2) | 0.38 (1.3) |
| Body fat %: | n = 1075 | n = 1027 | n = 2102 |
| Mean (SD) | 21.9 (7.1) | 21.8 (6.9) | 21.8 (7.0) |
| Weight statusb: | n = 1077 | n = 1028 | n = 2105 |
| Underweight (≤2nd centile) | 16 (1.5) | 27 (2.6) | 43 (2.0) |
| Healthy weight (>2nd centile and <85th centiles) | 728 (67.6) | 684 (66.5) | 1412 (67.1) |
| Overweight (≥85th centile and <95th centiles) | 211 (19.6) | 197 (19.2) | 408 (19.4) |
| Obese (≥95th centile) | 122 (11.3) | 120 (11.7) | 242 (11.5) |
| Not knownc | 76 | 99 | 175 |
| Physical activity | |||
| Linear track test (m): | n = 702 | n = 639 | n = 1341 |
| Mean (SD) | 351 (105) | 346 (81) | 348 (95) |
| Quality of life and Wellbeing | |||
| CHU-9D utility score: | n = 801 | n = 751 | n = 1552 |
| Mean (SD) | 0.83 (0.22) | 0.84 (0.16) | 0.84 (0.16) |
| Middle Years Instrument Wellbeing sum score: | n = 801 | n = 751 | n = 1552 |
| Mean (SD) | 58.5 (10.9) | 57.8 (11.0) | 58.2 (11.0) |
| Academic attainmentd | |||
| Maths: | n = 628 | n = 631 | n = 1259 |
| Mean (SD) | 2.4 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.2) |
| Reading: | n = 629 | n = 629 | n = 1258 |
| Mean (SD) | 2.5 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.2) | 2.5 (1.2) |
| Writing: | n = 629 | n = 634 | n = 1263 |
| Mean (SD) | 2.2 (1.1) | 2.3 (1.2) | 2.3 (1.1) |
| Overall academic attainment score: | n = 626 | n = 625 | n = 1251 |
| Mean (SD) | 7.1 (3.2) | 7.3 (3.2) | 7.2 (3.2) |
aIndex of multiple deprivation, 2015
bBased on UK 1990 reference centile curves and applying cut-offs used for population monitoring
cNot included in denominator for calculation of percentages
dMeasured on a 5-point scale according to age-related expectations. Overall academic score is the sum of the ratings for math, reading and writing