Table 1. Demographics and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With COVID-19.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | TnT level | |||
| Normal | Elevated | |||
| No. of patients | 187 | 135 | 52 | NA |
| Male | 91 (48.7) | 57 (42.2) | 34 (65.4) | .005 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 58.50 (14.66) | 53.53 (13.22) | 71.40 (9.43) | <.001 |
| Smoking | 18 (9.6) | 11 (8.1) | 7 (13.5) | .27 |
| Hospitalization, mean (SD), d | 16.63 (8.12) | 17.27 (7.68) | 14.94 (9.03) | .08 |
| Duration, mean (SD), db | 26.30 (8.96) | 27.49 (8.55) | 23.23 (9.35) | .003 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 61 (32.6) | 28 (20.7) | 33 (63.5) | <.001 |
| CHD | 21 (11.2) | 4 (3.0) | 17 (32.7) | <.001 |
| Cardiomyopathy | 8 (4.3) | 0 (0) | 8 (15.4) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 28 (15.0) | 12 (8.9) | 16 (30.8) | <.001 |
| COPD | 4 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 4 (7.7) | .001 |
| Malignant neoplasm | 13 (7.0) | 7 (5.2) | 6 (11.5) | .13 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 6 (3.2) | 1 (0.7) | 5 (9.6) | .002 |
| ACEI/ARB use history | 19 (10.1) | 8 (5.9) | 11 (21.1) | .002 |
| Complication | ||||
| ARDS | 46 (24.6) | 16 (11.9) | 30 (57.7) | <.001 |
| VT/VF | 11 (5.9) | 2 (1.5) | 9 (17.3) | <.001 |
| Acute | ||||
| Coagulopathy | 42 (34.1) | 17 (20.0) | 25 (65.8) | <.001 |
| Liver injury | 19 (15.4) | 14 (16.5) | 5 (13.2) | .89 |
| Kidney injury | 18 (14.6) | 4 (4.7) | 14 (36.8) | <.001 |
| Therapy | ||||
| Antivirus | 166 (88.8) | 120 (88.9) | 46 (88.5) | .93 |
| Antibiotic | 183 (97.9) | 131 (97.0) | 52 (100.0) | .21 |
| Glucocorticoid | 106 (56.7) | 69 (51.1) | 37 (71.2) | .01 |
| Immune globulin | 21 (11.2) | 14 (10.4) | 7 (13.5) | .5 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 45 (24.1) | 14 (10.4) | 31 (59.6) | <.001 |
| Clinical outcome | ||||
| Death | 43 (23.0) | 12 (8.9) | 31 (59.6) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CHD, coronary heart disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; NA, not applicable; TnT, troponin T; VF, ventricular fibrillation; VT, ventricular tachycardia.
a
Statistical differences between the normal TnT and elevated TnT groups.
b
Duration indicates days from onset of symptoms to death or discharge.