Table 3.

Molecular mechanism of neuroprotection by Sch B.

Assay	Organism tested	Dose/conc.	Mechanisms	References
Sch B prevents neuron from Alzheimer's disease	Mice	340, 290, 80, and 70 nM	Inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β, therefore alleviating the cell injury induced by Aβ and the cognitive disorders in AD	[65]
Sch B prevents neurodegenerence induced by anxiety associated with oxidative stress	Mice	30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg	Increase the activity of SOD, GSH, and Nrf2 and Keap1, along with suppression of ROS production	[63]
Sch B might improve Parkinson's disease	Mice	100 μM	Improve 6-OHDA-induced neural cell death and activated Nrf2 signaling pathways along with boosting the expression of miR-34a. Those protect from neurodegenerence	[64]
Sch B prevents cerebral ischemia	Sprague-Dawley rats	10 and 30 mg/kg	Inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factor (TNF-α and IL-1β) as well as prevented the activation of MMP2/9	[60]