Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and outcomes in the 1,191 subjects by BMI category
| Variables | Underweight (n = 102) | Normal (n = 480) | Overweight (n = 301) | Obese (n = 229) | Morbidly obese (n = 79) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 57.5 (43–69) | 57 (44–70) | 58 (47–70) | 56 (47–66) | 50.5 (42–63) | 0.04 |
| Male sex n (%) | 53 (52) | 271 (56.5) | 189 (62.8) | 112 (48.9) | 26 (34.2) | <0.001 |
| BMI | 16.8 (15.7–17.9) | 21.9 (20.4–23.4) | 27.3 (25.8–38.4) | 33.5 (31.7–35.9) | 46.9 (42.9–57.1) | <0.001 |
| Maximum temperature (°F) | 99.4 (97.8–101.7) | 100.7 (98.3–102.2) | 101.4 (99.8–102.6) | 101.4 (99.3–102.7) | 100 (98.5–102.2) | <0.001 |
| Maximum heart rate (beats per min) | 120 (107–139) | 118 (106–133) | 117 (102–128) | 121 (107–132) | 114 (98–129) | 0.12 |
| Maximum respiratory rate (per min) | 22 (20–30) | 24 (20–30) | 23 (20–28) | 24 (20–30) | 24 (20–28) | 0.23 |
| Minimum mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 65 (54–71) | 63 (54–76) | 67 (57–76) | 67 (56–80) | 71 (59–82) | 0.007 |
| Minimum systolic blood pressure | 93 (77–104) | 91 (80–111) | 99 (84–111) | 100 (84–117) | 106 (99–117) | <0.001 |
| White blood cells | 12.4 (6.5–18.1) | 13.1 (8.1–17.7) | 11.9 (7.1–17.1) | 10.9 (7–17.5) | 15 (11.4–19) | 0.002 |
| Platelets | 247 (156–379) | 225 (145–342) | 210 (123–291) | 222 (155–315) | 268 (207–335) | 0.003 |
| Serum creatinine | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 1.2 (0.9–2.3) | 1.3 (0.9–2.1) | 1.5 (1–2.2) | 1.5 (1.0–2.1) | 0.05 |
| Creatinine clearance | 42 (24–71) | 50 (28–81) | 63 (37–88) | 67 (42–107) | 94 (57–178) | <0.001 |
| Glucose | 111 (92–143) | 114 (94–155) | 120 (99–174) | 126 (99–174) | 132 (101–174) | 0.02 |
| Total bilirubin | 0.5 (0.3–1.2) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.8 (0.6–2.3) | 0.8 (0.5–1.7) | 0.6 (0.4–1.3) | 0.001 |
| PT | 14 (12.5–15.7) | 13.8 (12.7–16.1) | 14.3 (13–16.9) | 13.9 (12.7–15.9) | 14 (12.7–16.2) | 0.32 |
| PTT | 30.1 (26.1–38) | 29.3 (26–34.1) | 29.4 (25.4–34.6) | 27.7 (24.6–34.1) | 27.9 (25.5–31.6) | 0.07 |
| GCS | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | 15 (15–15) | 0.69 |
| Hematocrit | 33 (27–39) | 34 (29–39) | 34 (30–40) | 35 (29–40) | 38 (33–43) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin | 11.2 (9.3–13.1) | 11.4 (9.7–13.2) | 11.8 (10–13.3) | 12 (10–13.6) | 12.8 (11.3–14.4) | <0.001 |
| Lactate | 2.5 (1.8–4.1) | 2.8 (1.9–4.3) | 2.8 (2.1–4.1) | 2.9 (1.9–4.6) | 3.1 (2.5–4.9) | 0.12 |
| APACHE | 15 (10–20) | 15 (10–20) | 14 (10–19) | 15 (12–19) | 12 (9–19) | 0.21 |
| SOFA | 3 (2–5) | 4 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (2–5) | 2 (1–4.5) | 0.12 |
| EDGT n (%) | 32 (31.4) | 128 (26.7) | 65 (21.6) | 63 (27.5) | 15 (19.0) | 0.18 |
| Patient intubated n (%) | 17 (16.7) | 67 (14.0) | 49 (16.3) | 38 (16.6) | 15 (19.0) | 0.67 |
| Patient ever in MICU n (%) | 62 (60.8) | 263 (54.8) | 143 (47.5) | 120 (52.4) | 30 (38.0) | 0.03 |
| 28-day mortality n (%) | 24 (23.5) | 105 (21.9) | 60 (19.9) | 43 (18.8) | 5 (6.3) | 0.03 |
| 60-day mortality n (%) | 30 (29.4) | 131 (27.3) | 69 (22.9) | 48 (21.0) | 7 (8.9) | 0.01 |
| 1 year mortality n (%) | 41 (40.2) | 172 (35.8) | 96 (31.9) | 76 (33.2) | 11 (13.9) | 0.01 |
| Hospital LOS | 8 (4–14) | 6 (4–11) | 7 (4–13) | 6.5 (4–14) | 5 (3–9.5) | 0.18 |
BMI body mass index, PT ProThrombin time, PTT partial thromboplastin time, GCS glasgow coma scale, APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, MICU medical intensive care unit, LOS length of Stay
aData are presented as medians and interquartile ranges unless otherwise noted