Table 2.

H. pylori manipulates autophagy in phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells.

Bacterial virulence factors (V) or host determinants (H)	Factor	Cell line used	Role in intracellular survival and/or autophagic processes	Reference
Epithelial cells
V	CagA	AGS	Does not involve in H. pylori-induced autophagy	[101]
			Promote H. pylori intracellular survival	[13]
	CagE	AGS	Does not involve in H. pylori-induced autophagy	[101]
	VacA	AGS	VacA channel-forming activity is essentitial for the intudtion of autophagy	[101]
		AZ521	Induce autophagy by binding to LRP1	[31]
		AGS	Prolong expossure may cause autophagy disruption due to lack of cathepsin D in lysosome	[107]
		AGS	Inhibit H. pylori internalization and invasion	[13]
	BabA	AGS	Promote H. pylori intracellular survival	[13]
	Urease	AGS	Does not involve in H. pylori-induced autophagy	[101]
H	ATG5	AGS	Essential for H. pylori-induced autophagy	[101]
		AGS	Decrease the intracellular survival of VacA+ H. pylori	[107]
	ATG12	AGS	Essential for H. pylori-induced autophagy	[101,102,107]
	ATG16L1	AGS	Single nucleotide polymorphism ATG16L1300A may increase the intracellular survival of H. pylori	[107]
	BECN1	AGS	Essential for H. pylori-induced autophagy	[102]
		AZ521	Does not involve in VacA-induced autophagy	[31]
		HFE145	Promote H. pylori intracellular survival by inhibiting autophagosome formation	[96]
	LRP1	AZ521	Induce autophagy by binding to VacA	[31]
	MIR30B	AGS	Inhibit H. pylori-induced autophagy by downregulating ATG12 and BECN1	[102]
	MIR30D	AGS, GES1	Inhibit H. pylori-induced autophagy by downregulating genes involved in autophagy pathway	[112]
	PtdIns3K	AZ521	Does not involve in VacA-induced autophagy	[31]
Professional phagocytes
V	CagA	THP-1	Promote H. pylori internalization and intracellular survival	[103]
		BMDCs	Promote H. pylori intracellular survival	[104]
	VacA	THP-1	Promote H. pylori internalization and intracellular survival	[103]
		BMDCs	Promote H. pylori intracellular survival	[104]
	CapJ	J774A.1	Delay the fusion of autophagosome and lysosome	[45]
		J774A.1	Delay H. pylori internalization	[44]
H	ATG16L1	PMBCs	Single nucleotide polymorphism ATG16L1300A may increase the intracellular survival of H. pylori	[107]
	PtdIns3K	THP-1	Inhibit the bacterial multiplication	[103]
		RAW264.7	Does not inhibit the bacterial multiplication	[103]