Table 3.
Multivariable Stratified Cox Regression Analysis for Incidence of Mortality Among VL Patients at the University of Gondar Hospital, 2019
| Variables | Death | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No N (%) | Yes N (%) | CHR | AHR | |
| Age | Median= 27 | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 0.99 (0.95–1.04) | |
| VL episode | ||||
| Primary | 504 (89.8) | 57 (10.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Relapse | 17 (68) | 8 (32) | 3.98 (1.89–8.36) | 3.03 (1.25–7.35)* |
| Hemoglobin (mg/dl) | ||||
| 0–7.9 | 218 (85.5) | 37 (14.5) | 1.59 (0.71–3.57) | 1.42 (0.59–3.42) |
| 8–10.9 | 232 (91.7) | 21 (8.3) | 0.87 (0.37–2.05) | 1.06 (0.42–2.56) |
| ≥11 | 71 (91.0) | 7 (8.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Illness Duration (days) | ||||
| ≤30 | 300 (91.5) | 28 (8.5) | 1 | 1 |
| >30 | 221 (85.7) | 37 (14.3) | 1.64 (1.01–2.69) | 0.92 (0.51–1.64) |
| Treatment Toxicity | ||||
| No | 507 (93) | 38 (7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 14 (34.1) | 27 (65.9) | 13.99 (8.48–23.10) | 5.87 (3.3–10.44)* |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| No | 395 (94.7) | 22 (5.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 126 (74.6) | 43 (25.4) | 5.57 (3.33–9.32) | 2.29 (1.27–4.11)* |
| Diarrhea | ||||
| No | 482 (90.1) | 53 (9.9) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 39 (76.5) | 12 (23.5) | 2.61 (1.39–4.89) | 1.73 (0.88–3.78) |
| Nasal Bleeding | ||||
| No | 459 (92.3) | 38 (7.7) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 62 (69.7) | 27 (30.3) | 4.51 (2.75–7.39) | 2.58 (1.48–4.51)* |
| Edema | ||||
| No | 443 (90.8) | 45 (9.2) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 78 (79.6) | 20 (20.4) | 2.34 (1.38 −3.97) | 1.45 (0.78–2.66) |
| Jaundice | ||||
| No | 465 (92.0) | 40 (8.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 56 (69.1) | 25 (30.9) | 4.62 (2.79–7.62) | 2.84 (1.57–5.16)* |
| Creatinine Level (mg/dl) | ||||
| <1.5 | 455 (91.0) | 45 (9.0) | 1 | 1 |
| ≥1.5 | 66 (76.7) | 20 (27.3) | 2.88 (1.70–4.88) | 1.33 (0.70–2.54) |
| Condition of Patient | ||||
| Ambulatory | 456 (94.4) | 27 (5.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Bedridden | 65 (63.1) | 38 (36.9) | 8.29 (5.05–13.59) | 3.26 (1.86–5.73)* |
| Parasite Load | ||||
| Low | 469 (90.4) | 50 (9.6) | 1 | 1 |
| High | 52 (77.6) | 15 (22.4) | 2.29 (1.28–4.10) | 1.94 (0.97–3.89) |
| Treatment Type | ||||
| SSG and PM | 398 (93.7) | 27 (6.3) | 1 | 1 |
| SSG | 69 (83.1) | 14 (16.9) | 2.16 (1.07–4.34) | 0.81 (0.37–1.78) |
| Ambisome | 54 (69.2) | 24 (30.8) | 7.82 (4.39–13.89) | 1.79 (0.91–3.54) |
Note: *p<0.05.
Abbreviations: SSG, sodium stibogluconate; PM, paromomycin.