. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Fam Psychol. 2019 Oct 14;34(3):279–290. doi: 10.1037/fam0000596

Table 2.

Correlations Between Main Study Variables at Time 1 for Husbands and Wives (N = 378 Couples)

	1	2	5	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1. Premarital parenthood	--	.01	.17^**	−.21^***	−.35^***	−.30^***	−.14^**	−.32^***	.21^***	.40^***	−.16^**	−.20^***	.24^***	−.12^*
2. African American	.01	--	--	--	.02	−.08	−.07	−.02	−.14^**	−.05	−.01	.01	−.01	−.17^**
3. Hispanic	.17^**	--	--	--	−.28^***	−.33^***	−.22^***	−.07	.09	−.05	−.03	−.14^**	.24^***	.13^*
4.Caucasian	−.21^***	--	--	--	.32^***	.46^***	.32^***	.10	.01	.10^*	.05	.16^**	−.29^***	−.02
5. Education level	−.31^***	−.01	−.33^***	.41^***	--	.51^***	.28^***	.37^***	−.01	− 23^***	.09	.12^*	−.17^**	.24^***
6. Household income	−.30^***	−.08	−.33^***	.46^***	.52^***	--	.50^***	.36^***	.10	−.01	.06	.11^*	− 23^***	.17^**
7. Age	−.15^**	−.04	−.21^***	.29^***	.21^***	.42^***	--	.25^***	.29^***	.30^***	.08	.09	−.26^***	.08
8. Work status	−.07	−.25^***	.08	.11^*	.14^*	.19^***	.07	--	−.01	−.12^*	.08	.10	−.06	.18^**
9. Premarital cohabitation	.21^***	−.14^**	.09	.01	−.04	.10	.23^***	.05	--	.64^***	.03	−.17^**	.03	.05
10. Relationship length	.40^***	−.05	−.05	.10^*	−.18^**	−.01	.27^***	.01	.64^***	-	.02	−.10	−.07	−.04
11. Marital satisfaction	−.16^**	−.01	−.05	.07	.03	.07	.01	−.03	−.02	−.06	--	.26^***	−.16^**	.16^**
12. Positivity	−.21^***	.02	−.17^**	.18^***	.19^***	.13^*	.01	.01	−.23^***	−.19^***	.16^**	--	−.13^*	.27^***
13. Negativity	.26^***	−.03	.25^***	−.27^***	−.12^*	−.16^**	19^***	−.01	.04	−.05	−.13^*	−.21^***	--	−.15^**
14. Effectiveness	−.15^**	−.19^***	.11^*	.02	.21^***	.15^**	.06	.01	−.07	−.12^*	.06	.35^***	−.14^**	--

Notes. Husbands’ correlations are below the diagonal and wives’ correlations are above the diagonal. Correlations between binary and continuous variables are point-biserial correlations, and correlations between two binary variables are phi.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.