Fig. 4.

Elemental maps of Ca (A), Mn (C) and K (E) together with maps of the ${\chi }^2\left(D\right)$ at two accumulated radiation dose levels for the same elements in excised hydrated leaves. Here we see changes in the specimen for both Ca (B) and Mn (D) at a dose level of 4.13 kGy, while the first changes in K (E) are observed at a dose level of 26.7 kGy. The scale bar in (C) is equal to 100 μm. The range of displayed elemental areal density (μgcm–1) is shown in (A), (C), and (E).