Table 1.
Patient characteristics and outcomes
| Characteristic | All patients | Women | Men | Excluded women | Excluded men |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 2720 | 1210 (44.5%) | 1510 (55.5%) | 172 | 239 |
| Demography | |||||
| Age, median, IQR | 68, 57–77 | 68, 56–77 | 68, 58–77 | 69, 55–78 | 69, 58–78 |
| Severity of disease—SAPS3 | 64, 56–74 | 64, 55–73 | 65, 56–75 | – | – |
| Underlying comorbidity | |||||
| CCI, median, IQR (Mean, SD) | 2, 1–4 (2.37 ± 2.25) | 2, 0–3 (2.12 ± 2.11) | 2, 1–4 (2.56 ± 2.35) | – | |
| Focus of infection (% of patients) | |||||
| Pneumonia | 33.8 | 30.9 | 36.1 | 36.1 | 35.0 |
| Urinary tract | 20.5 | 21.3 | 19.9 | 20.9 | 20.7 |
| Abdominal infection | 11 | 11.9 | 10.2 | 14 | 13.1 |
| Other focus | 21.5 | 21.9 | 21.3 | 15.1 | 20.7 |
| Unknown (n = 308) and missing (n = 51) | 13.2 | 14 | 12.6 | 14 | 10.6 |
| Etiology (%) | |||||
| Gram-positive, n = 965 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 37 | 35 |
| Gram-negative, n = 871 | 32 | 33 | 31 | 36 | 34 |
| Other, n = 119 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Unknown, n = 705 and missing, n = 60 | 28 | 27 | 29 | 24 | 28 |
| Vital signs, % of patients and lactate | |||||
| BT, °Ca, median, IQR | 38.1, 37–39.1 | 38, 37–39 | 38.2, 37–39.1 | 38.2, 37–39 | 38.2, 37–39 |
| SBP, mm Hgb, median, IQR | 110, 90–131 | 108, 90–130 | 110, 90–132 | 106, 88–133 | 105, 86–132 |
| SBP < 90 mm Hg | 23.1 | 23.7 | 22.7 | 26.1 | 28.1 |
| RR > 20/minc | 77.4 | 74 | 80 | 82.1 | 81.1 |
| Saturation < 90%d | 26.8 | 27.9 | 25.9 | 33.8 | 37.8 |
| RLS > 1e | 25.1 | 25.2 | 25 | 29.7 | 31.8 |
| PR > 90 bpmf | 75.6 | 76.2 | 75.1 | 77.6 | 74.8 |
| Lactate mmol/L, median, IQRg median, IQR | 3.6, 2.1–5.9 | 3.7, 2.2–5.9 | 3.5, 2.5–5.8 | 3, 1.8–5 | 3, 1.8–5 |
| Patient outcomes | |||||
| 30-day mortality, % | 24 | 25 | 23.1 | 22.1 | 22.2 |
| LOS, survivors ICU, hours | 54, 26–135 | 57, 28–140 | 52, 25–131 | – | – |
| LOS, survivors hospital, days | 14, 8–26 | 15, 8–26 | 13, 8–25 | 9, 5–19 | 9, 4–21 |
BT body temperature, CCI Charlson comorbidity index, IQR interquartile range, LOS length of stay, PR pulse rate, RLS reaction level scale (1 = normal, > 1 = affected consciousness), RR Respiratory rate, SAPS3 Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, SBP systolic blood pressure, SD standard deviation, h hours, d days. Excluded patients = patients who were not registered in SIR or who lacked SAPS3 data. Vital signs and lactate measured on ED admittance
aData missing for 290 patients (11%)
bData missing for 69 patients (3%)
cData missing for 210 patients (8%)
dData missing for 107 patients (4%)
eData missing for 479 patients (18%)
fData missing for 79 patients (3%)
gData missing for 755 patients (28%)