Table 2.

Processes of care in women and men

Characteristic	All patients	Women	Men	Women vs men	Excluded women	Excluded men	Excluded women vs men
				p value			p value
Number of patients	2720	1210 (44.5%)	1510 (55.5%)		172	239
Processes of care,% of patients
EMS
Arrival in ambulancea	80.6	79.7	81.3	0.3	79.3	82.9	0.4
Saturation, SBP, RR, PR all measured and recorded in ambulance	52.4	49.9	54.4	0.02	47.8	46.7	0.8
Oxygen and IV fluids in ambulance	37.7	34.8	40	0.02	23.5	41.2	0.002
Emergency department
All vital signs measured and recorded in ED	61.8	60.9	62.6	0.37	59.9	59.9	1
Time to ABb median, IQR	75 min, 34–150	87 min, 39–172	65 min, 30–136	0.0001	81 min, 46–200	61 min, 25–130	0.003
AB within 1 h	43.6	38.6	47.6	< 0.001	39.7	50.0	0.05
AB within 3 h	80.6	77.1	83.5	< 0.001	73.7	85.9	0.004
Iv fluids within 1 hc	82.3	80.9	83.5	0.08	81.3	86.3	0.3
Lactate/BE measured < 1 h	77.4	75.2	79.1	0.02	65.7	76.0	0.02
BC before ABd	93.6	91.8	95.1	0.001	94.5	95.4	0.8
Lactate within 1 h	70.4	68.4	72	0.09	60	68.8	0.1
Bundle1he	36.4	30	41.5	< 0.001	31.3	45.4	0.05
ICU					–	–
Composite NWS median, IQR (mean, SD)f	2, 1–3 (2.35 ± 1.14)	2, 1–3 (2.36 ± 1.14)	2, 1–3 (2.35 ± 1.15)	0.84	–	–
Mechanical ventilation	30.1	29.3	30.7	0.43	–	–
Incorrect AB	7.5	7.1	7.8	0.49	3.5	4.2	0.7
Treatment limitations 48 h	20.2	20.2	20.2	0.98	12.8	15.2	0.5

AB antibiotics, BC blood culture, BE base excess, BT body temperature, Bundle1h completed sepsis bundle within one hour, EMS emergency medical services, ED emergency department, IQR interquartile range, NWS nursing workload score, PR pulse rate, RR respiratory rate, SBP systolic blood pressure, SD standard deviation. Excluded patients = patients who were not registered in SIR or who lacked SAPS3 data

^aData missing for 85 patients (3%)

^bData missing for 311 patients (11%)

^cData missing for 228 patients (8%)

^dData missing for 336 patients (12%)

^eComplete data missing for 662 patients (24%)

^fData missing for 52 patients (2%)