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. 2008 Aug 30;33(3):273–283. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2008.07.011

Table 1.

The basic information about hematopoietic and lymphopoietic activities in different lymphoid organs during prenatal ontogeny

Type of tissue Establishment Hemopoietic activity First αβ T cells First γδ T cells First B cells Basic germ layers References
Yolk sack 12 DG - primordial From DG16 to DG27 Not detected Not detected Only VDJH rearrangement detected Endoderm [8], [9], [25], [34]
24 DG - functional capacity is finishing Mesoderm



Liver 15 DG - primordial From DG30 to the birth (decreasing) DG58 DG45 DG30 Endoderm [8], [9], [14], [25], [34]
30–39 DG - invaded by hepatic cells Mesoderm



Cord blood 15 DG - heart starts with pumping DG58 DG45 DG40 [10], [34]
28 DG - definitive coronary circulation
55 DG - RBC are almost entirely enucleated



Spleen 20 DG - primordial DG58 DG45 DG40 Mesoderm [9], [10], [34]
36 DG - complete formed
36–114 DG - allometric growth



Thymus 22 DG - primordial DG55 DG40 DG55 Endoderm [10], [14], [25], [33], [34], [43]
36 DG - complete formed Ectoderm
36–114 DG - allometric growth



MLN 55 DG - intestine complete in essential form DG60 DG70 (always minor) DG50 Mesoderm [10], [34]



Bone marrow 18 DG - basically formed skeleton From 45 DG to the birth (increasing) DG60 (always minor) DG60 (always minor) DG55 Mesoderm [6], [8], [9], [14], [25], [34]
28 DG - ossification of bones

Occurrence of the first lymphocytes in different organs is based on flow cytometry studies detected by the expression of T and B cell receptors.