Table 1.
The basic information about hematopoietic and lymphopoietic activities in different lymphoid organs during prenatal ontogeny
| Type of tissue | Establishment | Hemopoietic activity | First αβ T cells | First γδ T cells | First B cells | Basic germ layers | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yolk sack | 12 DG - primordial | From DG16 to DG27 | Not detected | Not detected | Only VDJH rearrangement detected | Endoderm | [8], [9], [25], [34] |
| 24 DG - functional capacity is finishing | Mesoderm | ||||||
| Liver | 15 DG - primordial | From DG30 to the birth (decreasing) | DG58 | DG45 | DG30 | Endoderm | [8], [9], [14], [25], [34] |
| 30–39 DG - invaded by hepatic cells | Mesoderm | ||||||
| Cord blood | 15 DG - heart starts with pumping | – | DG58 | DG45 | DG40 | – | [10], [34] |
| 28 DG - definitive coronary circulation | |||||||
| 55 DG - RBC are almost entirely enucleated | |||||||
| Spleen | 20 DG - primordial | – | DG58 | DG45 | DG40 | Mesoderm | [9], [10], [34] |
| 36 DG - complete formed | |||||||
| 36–114 DG - allometric growth | |||||||
| Thymus | 22 DG - primordial | – | DG55 | DG40 | DG55 | Endoderm | [10], [14], [25], [33], [34], [43] |
| 36 DG - complete formed | Ectoderm | ||||||
| 36–114 DG - allometric growth | |||||||
| MLN | 55 DG - intestine complete in essential form | – | DG60 | DG70 (always minor) | DG50 | Mesoderm | [10], [34] |
| Bone marrow | 18 DG - basically formed skeleton | From 45 DG to the birth (increasing) | DG60 (always minor) | DG60 (always minor) | DG55 | Mesoderm | [6], [8], [9], [14], [25], [34] |
| 28 DG - ossification of bones | |||||||
Occurrence of the first lymphocytes in different organs is based on flow cytometry studies detected by the expression of T and B cell receptors.