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. 2019 Mar 6;28(5):607–618. doi: 10.1177/0963689719835181

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© The Author(s) 2019

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Fig. 5. — The effects of LBP on activation of microglia/macrophages, polarization of microglia/macrophages and activation of autophagy in optic nerves. (A) The Western blot analysis showed that LBP treatment significantly increased the expression of CD68 (Student's t-test, *p < 0.05). (B) Effects of LBP on polarization of microglia/macrophages. The expression level of Arginase-1 increased significantly 1 week after PONT in rats fed with LBP (Student's t-test, **p < 0.01); but the expression level of iNOS did not change (Student's t-test, p > 0.05). (C) Effects of LBP on autophagy. LBP led to decreased LC3 II expression (Student's t-test, ***p < 0.001) in the LBP group compared with the PBS group (Student's t-test, *p < 0.05). (Mean ± SEM; NS: not significant; n = 6 in both PBS and LBP groups for Western blot analysis, two optic nerves in one sample).