Table 2.
Table of iNAATs features.
| Property | NASBA | SDA | LAMP | RPA | HDA | NEAR | RCA | SMAP | ICAN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temperature (s) (ºC) | 37–42 | 37 | 60–65 | 37–42 | 60–65 | 55 | 30–60 | 60–65 | 55 |
| Time to detection (min) | 60 | 120 | 15–60 | 10–20 | 60–120 | 10–15 | 10–40 | 15–60 | 60 |
| Number of enzyme(s) | 2–3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Product detection method | Fluorescence | Fluorescence | Intercalating dye, fluorescence, turbimetric | Proprietary fluorescence probe | Intercalating DNA dye, fluorescence probe, lateral flow strip | Fluorescence | Fluorescence | Intercalating dye, fluorescence, turbimetric | Fluorescence |
| Tolerance to biological components | NO | YES | YES | YES | YES | YES | NO | YES | NO |
| Need to template denaturation | YES | YES | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| Denaturating agent (s) |
RNAseH | Restriction enzymes, bumper primers | Betaine | Recombinase enzyme | Helicase | Restriction enzymes | Strand–displacement ϕ29 DNA polymerase | Betaine | Heat |
| Analytical sensitivity (copies) | 1–10 | >10 | 1–10 | 1–10 | 100 | >10 | >10 | 1–10 | 10–100 |
| Multiplex demonstrated | YES | NO | YES | NO | YES | YES | NO | NO | YES |
| Primer required | 2 | 2 DNA/RNA chimeric + 2 bumpers | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 DNA/RNA chimeric | 1 | 4 | 2 DNA/RNA chimeric |
| First publication | 1991 | 1992 | 2000 | 2006 | 2004 | 2007 | 1996 | 2007 | 2002 |
| Intellectual property | Cangene Corp, Winnipeg, Canada | Becton, Dickinson & Company. USA | Eiken Chemical Co, Japan | TwistDX, UK | Biohelix, USA | Ionian Technologies, San Diego, USA | Various | NA | Takara Bio (Otsu, Japan) |
| Type of diagnostic product (marketed) | Reagents/ device |
Reagents | Reagents/ device |
Reagents/ device |
Reagents/ device |
Reagents/ device |
NA | NA | NA |
| Type of detection (marketed) | End point/real time | Real time | End point/real time | Real time | End point/real time | End point/real time | NA | NA | NA |
| Estimated cost per test† (US$) | 34–45 | N.A | 25–65 | 7–19 | 9–20 | 34–47 | NA | NA | NA |
| Articles number | >900 | >150 | >900 | <20 | >40 | <10 | >250 | <10 | <10 |
Grey cells, techniques with no commercial diagnostic test currently available.
†Estimated costs per test are subject to variations by countries, distribution logistics and companies, among other multiples factors.
HDA: Helicase-dependent amplification; ICAN: Isothermal & chimeric primer-initiated amplification of nucleic acids; LAMP: Loop-mediated isothermal amplification; NA: Not available; NASBA: Nucleic acid sequence-based amplification; NEAR: Nicking and extension amplification reaction; RCA: Rolling circle amplification; RPA: Recombinase polymerase amplification; SDA: Strand displacement amplification; SMAP: Smart amplification process.