Table 2.

Intervention and participation schedule

Week	Phase	Description	OnTrack consultation	Assessments
0	Information and consent	NHS therapists screen for eligible patients, provide information and consent participants		Screening, information, and consent
1	Baseline assessment (initial)	Participants complete outcome measures and wear activity trackers (Axivity AX3) on both arms during waking hours (typically 12 hours/day) for 1 week to gather accelerometer data that are translated into minutes of activity. These data create a baseline of activity allowing left-to-right arm usage comparison		PAM, FMA-UE, MAL, mRS, VAS, MoCA, AT, EQ-5D-5L, LTT
2	OnTrack intervention	Participants wear a smartwatch (Apple Watch Series 3 or 4) on their impaired arm only during waking hours (typically 12 hours/day). They will receive real-time feedback on the amount of movement completed (measured in minutes) and daily motivational messages. Participants will receive fortnightly consultations with a researcher to troubleshoot and receive self-management skills training Baseline assessments are repeated during week 8 (halfway)	Onboarding
3			Check-in and self-management skills training (problem solving)
4
5			Check-in and self-management skills training (self-discovery)
6
7			Check-in and self-management skills training (goal setting)
8			Halfway assessment Check-in and self-management skills training (goal setting cont.)	PAM, FMA-UE, MAL, mRS, VAS, MoCA, AT, EQ-5D-5L, LTT, FFT
9
10			Check-in and self-management skills training (reflection)
11
12			Check-in and self-management skills training (sign-posting)
13
14	Baseline assessment (exit)	Participants complete outcome measures and wear activity trackers (Axivity AX3) on both arms during waking hours (typically 12 hours/day) for 1 week to gather accelerometer data that are translated into minutes of activity. These data create a baseline of activity allowing left-to-right arm usage comparison		PAM, FMA-UE, MAL, mRS, VAS, MoCA, AT, EQ-5D-5L, LTT, FFT, SUS
15	Feedback	Independent evaluator leads feedback sessions with participants who have completed the intervention End of participation		Semistructured interview, online survey (therapists)

AT, Albert’s Test; FMA-UE, Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity; FTT, Friends and Family Test; LTT, Lap-to-Table; MAL, Upper Extremity Motor Activity Log-14; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NHS, National Health Service; PAM, Patient Activation Measure; SUS, System Usability Scale; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.