Fig. 4.

Treatment intensity is positively correlated with narrower gaps. High-intensity active-learning courses have narrower achievement gaps between MGS and non-MGS students. In both graphs, points show averages and the vertical bars show 95% Bayesian CIs; the dashed horizontal lines represent no gap in performance. (A) Examination score gap. (B) Gap in percent passing. Intensity is defined as the reported proportion of time students spent actively engaged on in-class activities (SI Appendix, SI Materials and Methods).