Comparison 6. Secondary outcomes: maternal: FPO + CTG versus fetal ECG + CTG.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Caesarean section for nonreassuring fetal status	1	180	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.71 [1.01, 2.88]
2 Caesarean section for dystocia	1	180	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.3 [0.60, 2.81]
3 Operative birth (caesarean section, forceps, vacuum)	1	180	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.20 [1.00, 1.45]
4 Operative birth (caesarean section, forceps, vacuum) for nonreassuring fetal status	1	180	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.22 [0.88, 1.70]