Natural product (NP) examples described in this Review are illustrated. Compounds are coloured according to the section within this Review in which they are discussed. Orange, polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase-derived NPs; purple, terpenes; cyan, ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs); magenta, NPs with non-signature biosynthetic origins. Note that closthioamide (28) and 6-thioguanine (29) are coloured magenta but are not RiPPs. 1, Obafluorin; 2, kutzneride 1; 3, curacin A; 4, nocardicin A; 5, pyrroindomycin A; 6, spinosyn A; 7, TMC-86A; 8, ikarugamycin; 9, saframycin A; 10, rhizoxin; 11, pederin; 12, leinamycin; 13, metatricycloene; 14, oocydin B; 15, albicidin; 16, saxitoxin; 17, dynemicin A; 18, clostrubin; 19, 12-epi-hapalindole U; 20, sodorifen; 21, longestin; 22, teleocidin B; 23, pentalenolactone; 24, bottromycin; 25, klebsazolicin; 26, saalfelduracin; 27, thioviridamide; 28, closthioamide; 29, 6-thioguanine; 30, nosiheptide; 31, streptide; 32, polytheonamide B; 33, microvionin; 34, ammosamide; 35, crocagin A; 36, andrimid; 37, belactosin C; 38, bicyclomycin; 39, indolmycin; 40, roseoflavin.