. 2006 Apr 25;26(Suppl 1):S51–S56. doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7211474

Table 1.

Comparison of natural vs synthetic surfactants in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome

Trials (15)	Surfactant	N	Prophylaxis (P) or rescue (Tx)	Patients	Results
Horbar⁷	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	617	Tx	500–1500 g	Survanta: lower 0–72 h FiO₂ and MAP
Sehgal⁸	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	41	Tx	600–1750 g	No differences in any variables
Vermont-Oxford Network, 1996	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	1296	Tx	501–1500 g	Survanta: lower FiO₂ at 72 h, lower 0–72 h MAP, fewer air leaks
Hudak et al.¹⁰	Infasurf. vs Exosurf.	1126	Tx	All with RDS	Infasurf: lower 0–72 h FiO₂ and MAP, fewer air leaks
Hudak et al.¹¹	Infasurf. vs Exosurf.	846	P	<29 weeks	Infasurf: less RDS, lower 0–72 h FiO₂ and MAP, fewer air leaks, more cystic PVL
Rollins et al.¹²	Curosurf. vs Exosurf.	66	Tx	All with RDS	Curosurf: lower FiO₂ and improved a/A PO₂ ratio
Alvarado et al.¹³	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	66	Tx	<1500 g	Survanta: decreased duration of PPV, O₂ and LOS
Pearlman et al.¹⁴	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	121	Tx	All with RDS	No differences in any variables
Modanlou et al.¹⁵	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	122	Tx	< 1500 g	Survanta: lower FiO₂, MAP and oxygenation index
da Costa¹⁶	Survanta. vs Exosurf.	89	Tx	<37 weeks >1000 g	No difference
Kukkonen et al.¹⁷	Curosurf. vs Exosurf.	228	Tx	All with RDS	Curosurf: lower FiO₂, and MAP
Ainsworth et al.¹⁸	Curosurf. vs pumactant.	212	Tx	<30 weeks	Curosurf: decreased mortality (trial stopped after interim analysis)
Sinha et al.¹⁹	Curosurf. vs Surfaxin.	252 of 496^a	P	600–1250 g	Primary outcome: Alive and not on O₂ at 28 days: Curosurf vs Surfaxin: 33.1 vs 37.8%. Noninferiority was set at −14.5%
Moya et al.²⁰	Surfaxin. vs Exosurf. vs Survanta.	1294	P	600–1250 g	Surfaxin more effective than Exosurf; similar to Survanta

Abbreviations: RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; MAP, mean airway pressure; LOS, length of stay; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia; PPV, positive pressure ventilation.

^aTrial stopped due to slow recruitment.