Table 3.

Outcome of early surfactant therapy followed by extubation to nasal CPAP

Trials (6)	Surf+CPAP/Surf+MV	GA (weeks)/age at surf Rx	Key findings
Verder29	35/33a	25–35 weeks	Curosurf+CPAP: ↓ need for MV
Verder30	33/27 (early vs late Curosurf+CPAP)	<30 weeks/median age at Rx 5.2 vs 9.9 h	Early Curosurf+CPAP: ↓ need for MV; improved oxygenation
Haberman31	32/29	1250–2000 g/<12 h	↓ Days on MV; early termination of study
D’Angio32	52/53	25–36 weeks/<24 h	↓ Days on MV; early termination of study
Soll33	138/132 (early surf+CPAP vs CPAP with later rescue surf+MV)	1501–2000 g/2–24 h	↓ Days on MV
Dani34	13/14	<30 weeks;/mean age at Rx 2.7 vs 3.5 h	↓ Days on MV, O2, NICU LOS and second dose of Curosurf

Abbreviations: MV, mechanical ventilation; LOS, length of stay; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; Surf, surfactant.

^aCPAP alone.