Table 3.
The Relationship Between T2DM and Various NPS in Early AD Disease
| Items | Delusions OR (95% CI) | Hallucination-Ns OR (95% CI) | Agitation OR (95% CI) | Depression OR (95% CI) | Anxiety OR (95% CI) | Euphoria OR (95% CI) | Apathy OR (95% CI) | Disinhibition OR (95% CI) | Irritability OR (95% CI) | Aberrant Motor Behaviors OR (95% CI) | nighttime Behavioral Disturbances OR (95% CI) | Appetite Disturbances OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without T2DM | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| With T2DM | 1.24 (0.93–1.47) | 1.12 (0.82–1.35) | 1.17 (0.91–1.42) | 2.04 (1.71–2.38) | 1.69 (1.38–1.97) | 1.27 (0.95–1.49) | 1.09 (0.89–1.30) | 1.13 (0.84–1.46) | 1.21 (0.96–1.49) | 1.36 (0.97–1.71) | 1.95 (1.75–2.13) | 1.62 (1.33–1.94) |
Note: Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, hyperlipidemia.
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; T2DM, type 2 diabetes; NPS, neuropsychological symptoms; WML; OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.