Table 2.

Impact of the mycobiome on infection and disease.

Mycobiome	Prevalent fungi	Associated diseases and reference (s)
Gut	Candida Cladosporium Malassezia Saccharomyces	Crohn’s disease, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis [Hager and Ghannoum, 2017; Mar Rodriguez et al., 2015]
Lung	Ascomycota Basidiomycota	Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, cystic fibrosis, HIV [Tipton et al., 2017; Willger et al., 2014; Harrison et al., 2013; Cui et al., 2015; Krause et al., 2016]
Oral	Aspergillus Candida spp. Epicoccum Malassezia	HIV, periodontal disease [Ghannoum et al., 2010; Dupuy et al., 2014; Monteiro-da-Silva et al., 2014; Zakaria et al., 2017; Peters et al., 2017; Mukherjee et al., 2014]
Vaginal/Urinary tract	Candida spp.	Bacterial vaginosis, intra-uterine device associated infections, urinary tract infection [Drell et al., 2013; Srinivasan et al., 2012; Goldacre et al., 1979; Ackerman and Underhill, 2017; Bradford and Ravel, 2017]
Skin	Malassezia	Atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, dandruff, folliculitis, psoriasis [Kong and Morris, 2017; Zhang et al., 2011; Gaitanis et al., 2012; Kato et al., 2007; Sugita et al., 2003; Chang et al., 2011; Park et al., 2012; McGinley et al., 1975]
Nails	Trichophyton rubrum Aspergillus spp. Candida spp.	Onychomycosis [Veer and Damle, 2007; Kotwal, 2018; Yang, et al., 2011; Foster et al., 2005]