Table 3. Influence of PM on the respiratory system.

Influence of PM on the respiratory system
Increases mortality
Increases the incidence of malignant tumors
Increases the incidence of chronic respiratory disease exacerbations such as COPD and asthma
Increase or worsen overall respiratory symptoms
Reduce lung function growth in children
Causes temporary loss of lung function in normal people
Increases airway inflammation and increases airway hyperresponsiveness
Reduces pulmonary diffusing capacity in lung function

PM: particulate matter; COPD: chronic pulmonary disease.