Table 3.
Adjusted hazard ratios of each component of ABPM and OBP in patients with CKD
| Model 1: ESRD or deathb | Model 2: ESRD onlyc | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| ABP group (mmHg) | 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 125/75 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 125/75-130/80 | 2.56 | 0.72-9.12 | 0.147 | 8.76 | 1.75-43.96 | 0.008 |
| ≥ 130/80 | 4.79 | 1.68-13.70 | 0.003 | 7.65 | 1.80-32.57 | 0.006 |
| Mean ASBP | 1.03 | 1.01-1.04 | < 0.001 | 1.03 | 1.01-1.04 | 0.002 |
| Mean ASBP (group) (mmHg) | 0.002 | 0.002 | ||||
| < 125 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 125-130 | 2.75 | 0.84-8.95 | 0.094 | 4.73 | 1.35-16.63 | 0.418 |
| ≥ 130 | 3.72 | 1.62-8.55 | 0.002 | 4.07 | 1.63-10.13 | 0.040 |
| Mean ADBP | 1.04 | 1.02-1.07 | 0.002 | 1.05 | 1.02-1.08 | 0.001 |
| Mean ADBP (group) (mmHg) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| < 75 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 75-80 | 1.05 | 0.45-2.44 | 0.917 | 1.35 | 0.51-3.58 | 0.546 |
| > 80 | 2.59 | 1.39-4.87 | 0.003 | 2.93 | 1.42-6.03 | 0.004 |
| Daytime ABP (group) (mmHg) | 0.001 | 0.131 | ||||
| < 130/80 | Ref. | |||||
| 130/80-135/85 | 2.45 | 0.85-7.04 | 0.096 | - | ||
| ≥ 135/85 | 3.54 | 1.64-7.65 | 0.001 | - | ||
| Daytime ASBP | 1.03 | 1.01-1.04 | < 0.001 | 1.03 | 1.01-1.04 | < 0.001 |
| Daytime ASBP (group) (mmHg) | 0.002 | 0.142 | ||||
| < 130 | Ref. | |||||
| 130-135 | 2.27 | 0.85-7.04 | 0.102 | - | ||
| ≥ 135 | 3.07 | 1.55-6.06 | 0.001 | - | ||
| Daytime ADBP | 1.04 | 1.02-1.07 | 0.001 | 1.05 | 1.02-1.07 | 0.001 |
| Daytime ADBP (group) (mmHg) | 0.009 | 0.004 | ||||
| < 80 | Ref. | Ref. | ||||
| 80-85 | 1.12 | 0.51-2.49 | 0.778 | 1.40 | 0.59-3.35 | 0.450 |
| ≥ 85 | 2.39 | 1.32-4.33 | 0.004 | 2.89 | 1.50-5.56 | 0.032 |
| OSBPa | 0.834 | 0.780 | ||||
| ODBPa | 0.742 | 0.176 | ||||
ABP, ambulatory blood pressure; ABPM, ABP monitoring; ADBP, ambulatory diastolic blood pressure; ASBP, ambulatory systolic blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; HR, hazard ratio; OBP, office blood pressure; ODBP, office diastolic blood pressure; OSBP, office systolic blood pressure; Ref., references.
Groups of office blood pressure could not be included in these Cox regression models. bModel 1 was adjusted for age; sex; diabetes mellitus; number of hypertension medications; use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), use of beta blocker (BB); serum level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN); estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation; albumin; sodium; high-density lipoprotein; and urine protein-creatinine ratio (UPCR). cModel 2 was adjusted for age; sex; diabetes mellitus; number of hypertension medications; use of ACEi or ARB, BB, diuretics, and alpha blocker; serum level of BUN; eGFR calculated using the CKD-EPI equation; albumin; intact parathyroid hormone; hemoglobin; total bicarbonate; chloride; protein; hematocrit; alkaline phosphatase; product of calcium and phosphorous; sodium and potassium; and UPCR.