Table 3. Randomized Participant Baseline Characteristics by Sex.
| Characteristic | Randomized, No./total No. (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 1168) | Men (n = 4011) | ||
| Age at randomization, median (IQR), y | 65 (59-71) | 64 (57-70) | .002 |
| Race | |||
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 3/1154 (0.3) | 10/3975 (0.3) | .002 |
| Asian | 282/1154 (24.4) | 1203/3975 (30.3) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 2/1154 (0.2) | 10/3975 (0.3) | |
| Black or African American | 57/1154 (4.9) | 147/3975 (3.7) | |
| White | 808/1154 (70.0) | 2595/3975 (65.3) | |
| Multiple races reported | 2/1154 (0.2) | 10/3975 (0.3) | |
| Hispanic or Latino ethnicity | 188/1091 (17.2) | 575/3724 (15.4) | .15 |
| Clinical history | |||
| Hypertension | 922/1164 (79.2) | 2867/3997 (71.7) | <.001 |
| Diabetes | 522/1168 (44.7) | 1642/4011 (40.9) | .02 |
| Diabetes treatment | |||
| Insulin treated | 159/510 (31.2) | 333/1607 (20.7) | <.001 |
| Noninsulin diabetes medication | 290/510 (56.9) | 1065/1607 (66.3) | |
| None/diet controlled | 61/510 (12.0) | 209/1607 (13.0) | |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 184/1165 (15.8) | 807/3997 (20.2) | <.001 |
| Cigarette smoking | |||
| Never | 756/1167 (64.8) | 1453/4007 (36.3) | <.001 |
| Former | 301/1167 (25.8) | 2025/4007 (50.5) | |
| Current | 110/1167 (9.4) | 529/4007 (13.2) | |
| Family history of premature coronary heart disease | 297/1016 (29.2) | 873/3474 (25.1) | .009 |
| Prior PCI | 189/1167 (16.2) | 861/4008 (21.5) | <.001 |
| CABG | 32/1168 (2.7) | 171/4011 (4.3) | .02 |
| MI, PCI, or CABG | 289/1165 (24.8) | 1281/3997 (32.0) | <.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter | 46/1166 (3.9) | 175/4007 (4.4) | .53 |
| Noncardiac vascular and comorbidity history | |||
| Prior carotid artery surgery or stent, stroke, or transient ischemic attack | 89/1166 (7.6) | 288/3999 (7.2) | .62 |
| Prior stroke | 40/1168 (3.4) | 111/4010 (2.8) | .24 |
| Heart failure history | |||
| Prior heart failure | 61/1168 (5.2) | 145/4011 (3.6) | .01 |
| Ejection fraction, No. | 1053 | 3584 | NA |
| Median (IQR) | 62 (58-68) | 60 (55-64) | <.001 |
| Type of stress test performed | |||
| Stress imaging | 924/1168 (79.1) | 2985/4011 (74.4) | .001 |
| Nuclear | 558/1168 (47.8) | 2009/4011 (50.1) | .16 |
| Echo | 291/1168 (24.9) | 794/4011 (19.8) | <.001 |
| CMR | 75/1168 (6.4) | 182/4011 (4.5) | .009 |
| ETT | 244/1168 (20.9) | 1026/4011 (25.6) | .001 |
| CCTA | 816/1168 (69.9) | 3097/4011 (77.2) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CCTA, coronary CT angiography; CMR, stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; ETT, Exercise Tolerance Test; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial Infarcation; NA, not applicable; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.