Table 4. Stress Test Results, Coronary Anatomy on CCTA, and Angina by Sex Among Randomized Participants.
| Characteristic | Randomized, No./total No. (%) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 1168) | Men (n = 4011) | ||
| Qualifying stress test core laboratory interpretation | |||
| Ischemia severity by imaging modality | |||
| Stress imaging (nuclear, echo or CMR) | |||
| Ischemia severity | |||
| Severe | 383/919 (41.7) | 1363/2972 (45.9) | .006 |
| Moderate | 386/919 (42.0) | 1215/2972 (40.9) | |
| Mild | 86/919 (9.4) | 232/2972 (7.8) | |
| None | 64/919 (7.0) | 162/2972 (5.5) | |
| Nuclear | |||
| Summed Difference Score, mean | 8.5 | 9.7 | <.001 |
| No. of infarcted segments, mean | 0.5 | 0.7 | .05 |
| Ischemia severity | |||
| Severe | 166/555 (29.9) | 802/2000 (4.1) | <.001 |
| Moderate | 283/555 (51.0) | 920/2000 (46.0) | |
| Mild | 57/555 (10.3) | 157/2000 (7.9) | |
| None | 49/555 (8.8) | 121/2000 (6.1) | |
| Pharmacologic only | 240/440 (54.5) | 491/1522 (32.3) | <.001 |
| Exercise only | 147/440 (33.4) | 837/1522 (55.0) | <.001 |
| Exercise and pharmacologic | 53/440 (12.0) | 194/1522 (12.7) | .70 |
| Echo | |||
| No. of segments, mean | |||
| Ischemic | 4.0 | 4.2 | .34 |
| Infarcted | 0.5 | 0.6 | .08 |
| Ischemia severity | |||
| Severe | 165/289 (57.1) | 461/790 (58.4) | .94 |
| Moderate | 88/289 (30.4) | 228/790 (28.9) | |
| Mild | 24/289 (8.3) | 64/790 (8.1) | |
| None | 12/289 (4.2) | 37/790 (4.7) | |
| Pharmacologic only | 70/245 (28.6) | 134/682 (19.6) | .004 |
| Exercise only | 172/245 (70.2) | 544/682 (79.8) | .002 |
| Exercise and pharmacologic | 3/245 (1.2) | 4/682 (0.6) | .39 |
| CMR | |||
| No. of segments, mean | |||
| With perfusion deficit | 8.6 | 8.7 | .92 |
| With perfusion deficit and infarct | 1.1 | 1.3 | .08 |
| Ischemia severity | |||
| Severe | 52/75 (69.3) | 100/182 (54.9) | .31 |
| Moderate | 15/75 (20.0) | 67/182 (36.8) | |
| Mild | 5/75 (6.7) | 11/182 (6.0) | |
| None | 3/75 (4.0) | 4/182 (2.2) | |
| Exercise tolerance test | |||
| Severity | |||
| Severe | 189/226 (83.6) | 862/988 (87.2) | .14 |
| Moderate | 22/226 (9.7) | 79/988 (8.0) | |
| Mild | 8/226 (3.5) | 26/988 (2.6) | |
| None | 7/226 (3.1) | 21/988 (2.1) | |
| CCTA findings | |||
| Any obstructive disease ≥50% stenosis by CCTA | 787/788 (99.9) | 3045/3048 (99.9) | >.99 |
| Multivessel disease ≥50% stenosis by CCTA | 479/664 (72.1) | 2200/2726 (80.7) | <.001 |
| Vessels ≥50% stenosis by CCTA | |||
| 0 | 1/568 (0.2) | 3/2418 (0.1) | <.001 |
| 1 | 178/568 (31.3) | 519/2418 (21.5) | |
| 2 | 184/568 (32.4) | 754/2418 (31.2) | |
| ≥3 | 205/568 (36.1) | 1142/2418 (47.2) | |
| Specific native vessels ≥50% stenosis by CCTA | |||
| LM | 4/798 (0.5) | 36/3047 (1.2) | .09 |
| LAD | 650/755 (86.1) | 2540/2922 (86.9) | .82 |
| Proximal LAD | 348/783 (44.4) | 1401/2956 (47.4) | .14 |
| LCx | 407/693 (58.7) | 1947/2802 (69.5) | <.001 |
| RCA | 414/667 (62.1) | 1897/2692 (7.5) | <.001 |
| Duke Prognostic Score | |||
| All vessels (LAD, LCX, RCA) <50% with fewer than 2 plaques 25%-49% or no proximal plaques 25%-49% | 1/568 (0.2) | 2/2420 (0.1) | <.001 |
| ≥2 Vessels with mild (25%-49%) plaque with at least 1 proximal plaque 25%-49% | 0/568 (0.0) | 1/2420 (0.0) | |
| 1 Vessel with at least moderate (≥50%) plaque | 45/568 (7.9) | 102/2420 (4.2) | |
| 2 Vessels with at least moderate (≥50%) plaque or 1 severe (≥70%) plaque | 110/568 (19.4) | 370/2420 (15.3) | |
| 3 Vessels with at least moderate (≥50%) plaque or 2 severe (≥70%) plaque or severe (≥70%) proximal LAD plaque | 225/568 (39.6) | 813/2420 (33.6) | |
| 3 Vessels with severe (≥70%) plaque or 2 severe (≥70%) plaque including proximal LAD | 183/568 (32.2) | 1096/2420 (45.3) | |
| LM ≥50% | 4/568 (0.7) | 36/2420 (1.5) | |
| Segment score, median (IQR) | |||
| Stenosis | 22 (16-27) | 25 (19-31) | <.001 |
| Involvement | 11 (8-13) | 12 (10-13) | <.001 |
| Angina history | |||
| Baseline Seattle Angina Questionnaire Angina Frequency Scale | |||
| Median (IQR) | 80 (70-100) | 90 (70-100) | <.001 |
| Daily angina (0-30) | 33/1156 (2.9) | 83/3954 (2.1) | <.001 |
| Weekly angina (31-60) | 249/1156 (21.5) | 746/3954 (18.9) | |
| Monthly angina (61-99) | 565/1156 (48.9) | 1678/3954 (42.4) | |
| No angina in past month (100) | 309/1156 (26.7) | 1447/3954 (36.6) | |
| Participant has ever had angina | 1068/1168 (91.4) | 3573/4011 (89.1) | .02 |
| Angina began or became more frequent over the past 3 mo | 329/1064 (30.9) | 1026/3564 (28.8) | .18 |
| Dyspnea status over the past montha | |||
| None | 670/1168 (57.4) | 2493/4011 (62.2) | <.001 |
| NYHA class I | 178/1168 (15.2) | 821/4011 (2.5) | |
| NYHA class II | 320/1168 (27.4) | 697/4011 (17.4) | |
| Rose Dyspnea Score | |||
| 0 | 304/1115 (27.3) | 1508/3785 (39.8) | <.001 |
| 1 | 381/1115 (34.2) | 1358/3785 (35.9) | |
| 2 | 204/1115 (18.3) | 553/3785 (14.6) | |
| 3 | 106/1115 (9.5) | 240/3785 (6.3) | |
| 4 | 120/1115 (10.8) | 126/3785 (3.3) | |
Abbreviations: CCTA, coronary computed tomography angiography; CMR, stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; IQR, interquartile range; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LCx, left circumflex coronary artery; LM, left main; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RCA, right coronary artery.
a
There were no randomized participants in NYHA classes III-IV.