Table 1.

Some common prophylaxis regimens in the lung transplant recipient

Infection	Viruses/Organisms	Common Prophylaxis Regimens
Viral	Herpes simplex virus	Acyclovir, 200 mg, po twice daily indefinitely
	CMV	High risk (D+/R−) Valganciclovir, 900 mg, po daily for 6–12 mo Medium Risk (D+/R+, D−/R+) 1.Weekly CMV polymerase chain reaction, treat when test result is positive 2.Valganciclovir, 900 mg, po daily for 3–12 mo
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia	Pneumocystis jiroveci	Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, 160/800 mg, po 3 times weekly indefinitely Alternatives for sulfa intolerant, all continued indefinitely 1.Atovaquone, 1500 mg, po daily 2.Pentamidine, 300 mg, inhaled monthly 3.Dapsone, 100 mg, po daily
Fungal	C albicans	Until corticosteroid dose weaned postoperatively or 3 mo 1.Nystatin, 5 mL, po 4 times daily 2.Fluconazole, 100 mg, po daily
	Aspergillus species	When colonized preoperatively or immediately postoperatively, continued until cultures negative 1.Voriconazole, 200 mg, po twice daily 2.Itraconazole, 200 mg, po twice daily 3.Amphotericin, 20–40 mg, inhaled daily

Abbreviation: po, by mouth (oral).