Fig. 3.

Niclosamide inhibits HIV replication at proviral transcription. U1 cells were activated with 50 ng/mL PMA to drive viral replication in the presence or absence of 2.5 μM niclosamide for 24 h. A) Cells were then lysed and 30 μg protein was loaded into each lane and separated on an acrylamide gel and transferred to PVDF membrane for Western blot. No HIV gag-derived proteins, as detected with antibody to p24, were detected following exposure to niclosamide. B) Cells were lysed and RNA was harvested and assayed for HIV transcripts by RT-PCR for HIV LTR as normalized to housekeeping gene control. Niclosamide reduced transcription of HIV provirus to near the level of non-activated cells. Data represent two experiments with similar results.