Table 1.
Demographics, underlying diseases/conditions, and categories of pneumonia.
| Total (n = 78) |
Rhinovirus (n = 27) |
Influenza virus (n = 51) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 49 (62.8) | 21 (77.8) | 28 (54.9) | 0.047 |
| Age, median (interquartile range) | 65.0 (53.8–71.0) | 66.0 (57.0–70.0) | 62.0 (53.0–73.0) | 0.77 |
| Underlying disease or conditiona | ||||
| Structural lung disease | 22 (28.2) | 7 (25.9) | 15 (29.4) | 0.75 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease | 10 (12.8) | 3 (11.1) | 7 (13.7) | 1.00 |
| Interstitial lung disease | 7 (9.0) | 4 (14.8) | 3 (5.9) | 0.23 |
| Bronchiectasis | 4 (5.1) | 1 (3.7) | 3 (5.9) | 1.00 |
| Destroyed lung due to tuberculosis | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 1.00 |
| Pneumoconiosis | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 1.00 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 18 (23.1) | 11 (40.7) | 7 (13.7) | 0.007 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 16 (20.5) | 7 (25.9) | 9 (17.6) | 0.39 |
| Solid cancer | 10 (12.8) | 3 (11.1) | 7 (13.7) | 1.00 |
| End-stage renal disease | 2 (2.6) | 0 | 2 (3.9) | 0.54 |
| Congestive heart failure | 4 (5.1) | 0 | 4 (7.8) | 0.29 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 1 (1.3) | 1 (3.7) | 0 | 0.35 |
| Chronic renal failure | 3 (3.8) | 0 | 3 (5.9) | 0.55 |
| s/p cerebraovascular attack | 1 (1.3) | 0 | 1 (2.0) | 1.00 |
| Solid organ transplantation | 3 (3.8) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (2.0) | 0.27 |
| Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | 9 (11.5) | 4 (14.8) | 5 (9.8) | 0.71 |
| Immunocompromised stateb | 39 (50.0) | 22 (81.5) | 17 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
| Receipt of immunosuppressant | 21 (26.9) | 14 (51.9) | 7 (13.7) | < 0.001 |
| Recent chemotherapy | 17 (21.8) | 9 (33.3) | 8 (15.7) | 0.07 |
| Active smoker | 5 (6.2) | 4 (14.8) | 1 (1.9) | 0.04 |
| Ex-smoker | 28 (35.9) | 11 (40.7) | 17 (33.3) | 0.52 |
| Recent surgery (within 1 month) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (7.4) | 1 (2.0) | 0.27 |
| Neutropeniac | 8 (10.3) | 5 (18.5) | 3 (5.9) | 0.12 |
| Category of pneumonia | ||||
| Community-acquired pneumonia | 22 (28.2) | 3 (11.1) | 19 (37.3) | 0.02 |
| Healthcare-associated pneumonia | 31 (39.7) | 15 (55.6) | 16 (31.4) | 0.04 |
| Hospital-acquired pneumonia | 25 (32.1) | 9 (33.3) | 16 (31.4) | 0.86 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise stated.
a
Some patients had one or more underlying diseases or conditions.
b
Defined as one of the following conditions: (i) daily receipt of immunosuppressants, including corticosteroids, (ii) human immunodeficiency virus infection, (iii) solid organ or hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, (iv) receipt of chemotherapy for underlying malignancy during the previous 6 months, and (v) underlying immune deficiency disorder.
c
Absolute neutrophil count < 500/mm3.