Table 1.
Demographic and baseline characteristics.
| Variables | Patients (n = 67) |
|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 51 (76.6%) |
| Age (years) | 64.3 ± 9.5 |
| Education (years) | 6 (2–10) |
| Risk factors | |
| LVEF (%) | 40 (35–45) |
| EuroSCORE | 5 (3–7) |
| Previous cardiac surgery (n, %) | 0 |
| Previous myocardial infarction (n, %) | 55 (82.1%) |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 53 (79.1%) |
| Peripheral vascular disease (n, %) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Smoking (n, %) | 16 (23.9%) |
| Previous smoking (n, %) | 32 (47.8%) |
| Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 46 (68.7%) |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 33 (49.3%) |
| Atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Previous stroke (n, %) | 5 (7.5%) |
| Valvular disease (n, %) | 9 (13.4%) |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) (n, %) | 10 (14.9%) |
| Left coronary trunk lesion > 50% (n, %) | 21 (31.3%) |
| Medication (n) | |
| ACE inhibitor/ ARB | 50 (74.6%) |
| Beta blocker | 54 (80.6%) |
| Surgery | |
| CABG + valve (n, %) | 3 (4.5%) |
| Length of CPB (min) | 92.5 ± 27.8 |
| IABP (n, %) | 34 (50.7%) |
LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; BMI, body mass index; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump.