Table 2.
Distribution of parameters according to the occurrence of delirium, as assessed by the CAM ICU.
| Variable | CAM ICU – | CAM ICU + | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 50) | (N = 17) | ||
| Male (n, %) | 38 (78.0%) | 13 (76.5%) | 1.000 |
| Age (years) | 63 ± 10 | 68 ± 7 | 0.035 |
| Risk factors | |||
| LVEF (%) | 40 (35–40) | 40 (37.5–47.5) | 0.293 |
| EuroSCORE | 5 (3–6) | 6 (4–7) | 0.121 |
| Education (years) | 6 (2–10) | 5 (1–8) | 0.127 |
| MoCA before surgery | 21.5 ± 4.1 | 18.3 ± 5.2 | 0.013 |
| MMSE before surgery | 26 (23–29) | 23 (18.5–23) | 0.228 |
| MoCA after surgery | 21.6 ± 4.1 | 19.0 ± 6.3 | 0.127 |
| MMSE after surgery | 28 (25–29) | 23 (18.5–23) | 0.275 |
| Atrial fibrillation n (%) | 4 (8.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1.000 |
| Previous myocardial infarction n (%) | 41 (82.0%) | 14 (82.3%) | 0.643 |
| Hypertension n (%) | 38 (76.0%) | 15 (88.2%) | 0.240 |
| Peripheral vascular disease n (%) | 6 (12.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 0.669 |
| Smoking n (%) | 14 (28.0%) | 2 (11.8%) | 0.322 |
| Previous smoking n (%) | 23 (46.0%) | 9 (5.2%) | 0.621 |
| Dyslipidemia n (%) | 37 (74.0%) | 9 (52.9%) | 0.106 |
| Diabetes n (%) | 22 (44.0%) | 11 (67.7%) | 0.140 |
| Previous stroke n (%) | 4 (8.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1.000 |
| Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) n (%) | 7 (14.0%) | 3 (17.6%) | 0.706 |
| Left coronary trunk lesion > 50% n (%) | 14 (28.0%) | 7 (41.2%) | 0.312 |
| Valvular disease n (%) | 7 (14.0%) | 2 (11.8%) | 1.000 |
| Medication | |||
| ACE inhibitor/ARB n (n%) | 40 (80.0%) | 10 (58.8%) | 0.110 |
| Beta blocker n(%) | 40(80.0%) | 14 (82.4%) | 1.000 |
| Surgery | |||
| CABG + valve n (%) | 2 (4.0%) | 1 (5.9%) | 0.591 |
| IABP n (%) | 25 (50.0%) | 9 (52.9%) | 1.000 |
| Surgery (hours:min) | 05:21 ± 1:00 | 5:01 ± 0:54 | 0.296 |
| Length of CPB (min) | 97 ± 30 | 90 ± 21 | 0.386 |
| Aortic cross-clamp duration (min) | 79 ± 26 | 66 ± 17 | 0.068 |
| Hydric balance (milliliters) | 2913.82 ± 1217.916 | 3138.7 ± 1014.81 | 0.456 |
| RBC transfusion n (%) | 17 (34%) | 17 (34%) | 0.770 |
CAM ICU, Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; BMI, body mass index; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump.