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. 2020 Mar 30;18:51. doi: 10.1186/s12964-020-00557-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 3 — Wnt5a induces M2 macrophages polarization via IL-10. a RT-qPCR analysis of the relative expression levels of M1 markers (HLA-DR, IL-12) and M2 markers (CD163, IL-10) in M0 macrophages treated with Wnt5a. b Flow cytometry analysis showed M2 polarization (CD163⁺) in M0 macrophages treated with Wnt5a. This M2 polarization was reversed by Box 5 (Wnt5a inhibitor). c RT-qPCR analysis of M2 polarization-associated cytokines expression in M0 macrophages with Wnt5a treatment. d Western blot analyzed the protein expression of IL-10 in Wnt5a-treated M0 macrophages. e ELISA analysis for IL10 secretion level in M0 macrophages treated with Wnt5a. f, g Flow cytometry analysis of M2 cells ratio in Wnt5a-stimulated M0 macrophages with or without IL-10 antibody or IgG or recombinant IL10 protein. h Confocal immunofluorescence analysis showed the co-localization expression of Wnt5a, CD163 and IL-10 in CRC sample. Bar = 25 μm. All experiments were performed independently at least three times. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA. Error bars, SEM. ns, not significant. *P < 0.05. **P < 0.01. ***P < 0.001