Table 2.
Cox proportional-danger model analysis of bladder cancer patients
| Factors | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| Gender | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | Reference | Reference | ||
| Female | 1.10 (1.10–1.10) | < 0.001 | 0.99 (0.96–1.01) | 0.336 |
| Age (years) | < 0.001 | |||
| 00–50 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 51–60 | 1.30 (1.20–1.50) | < 0.001 | 1.34 (1.23–1.46) | < 0.001 |
| 61–70 | 1.60 (1.50–1.80) | < 0.001 | 1.70 (1.57–1.85) | < 0.001 |
| 71–80 | 2.60 (2.40–2.80) | < 0.001 | 2.80 (2.59–3.03) | < 0.001 |
| 81+ | 5.20 (4.80–5.60) | < 0.001 | 5.84 (5.39–6.31) | < 0.001 |
| Racial | < 0.001 | |||
| API | Reference | Reference | ||
| AIAN | 1.37 (1.14–1.65) | < 0.001 | 1.31 (1.09–1.57) | < 0.001 |
| Black | 1.51 (1.41–1.62) | < 0.001 | 1.56 (1.46–1.67) | < 0.001 |
| White | 1.11 (1.05–1.17) | < 0.001 | 1.18 (1.12–1.25) | < 0.001 |
| Surgery | < 0.001 | |||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.62 (0.59–0.64) | < 0.001 | 0.72 (0.69–0.75) | < 0.001 |
| Summary stage | < 0.001 | |||
| In situ | Reference | Reference | ||
| Localized | 2.5 (2.4–2.6) | < 0.001 | 1.27 (1.12–1.44) | < 0.001 |
| Regional | 5.1 (4.9–5.3) | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.14–1.62) | < 0.001 |
| Distant | 15.9 (15.3–16.5) | < 0.001 | 3.03 (2.52–3.63) | < 0.001 |
| AJCC stage | < 0.001 | |||
| Stage 0a | Reference | Reference | ||
| Stage 0is | 1.4 (1.3–1.5) | < 0.001 | 1.18 (1.10–1.26) | < 0.001 |
| Stage I | 1.9 (1.8–1.9) | < 0.001 | 1.39 (1.22–1.58) | < 0.001 |
| Stage II | 4.4 (4.3–4.6) | < 0.001 | 3.22 (2.83–3.66) | < 0.001 |
| Stage III | 4.7 (4.5–4.9) | < 0.001 | 3.38 (2.82–4.05) | < 0.001 |
| Stage IV | 10.9 (10.5–11.2) | < 0.001 | 5.48 (4.57–6.57) | < 0.001 |
| Histologic type | < 0.001 | |||
| Transitional | Reference | Reference | ||
| Adenocarcinomas | 2.25 (2.05–2.46) | < 0.001 | 1.04 (0.95–1.15) | 0.371 |
| Epithelial | 3.07 (2.89–3.27) | < 0.001 | 1.37 (1.29–1.46) | < 0.001 |
| Squamous | 3.32 (3.12–3.54) | < 0.001 | 1.77 (1.66–1.89) | < 0.001 |
| Unspecified | 2.82 (2.54–3.13) | < 0.001 | 1.20 (1.08–1.34) | < 0.001 |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, AIAN American Indian/Alaska Native, API Asian or Pacific Islander