Table 4.
Bivariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated postpartum depression among mothers who have postnatal care, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, 2018
| Variables | Postpartum Depression | COR (95%CI) | AOR(95%CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| Marital status | Single | 10 | 18 | 4.28 (1.81,10.13) | 2.70 (0.72,10.21) |
| Widowed/widower | 8 | 11 | 5.60 (2.09,15.03) | 4.17 (1.14,15.20)* | |
| Married | 30 | 231 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Attend modern school | Yes | 24 | 182 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 24 | 78 | 2.33 (1.25,4.36) | 0.76 (0.34,1.71 | |
| Social support | Poor | 34 | 80 | 11.69 (2.70,50.67) | 5.11 (1.00,26.18)* |
| Moderate | 12 | 125 | 2.64 (0.57,12.19) | 1.93 (0.36,10.36) | |
| Strong | 2 | 55 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Husband support | Poor | 8 | 14 | 4.43 (1.65,11.8) | 0.70 (0.14,3.57) |
| Moderate | 20 | 91 | 1.70 (0.870,3.33) | 1.02 (0.42,2.47 | |
| Strong | 20 | 155 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Serious illness, injury or assault to a close relative | Yes | 17 | 43 | 2.77 (1.41,5.44) | 0.28 (0.08,10.96) |
| No | 31 | 217 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Died spouse, parent or child | Yes | 20 | 39 | 4.05 (2.08,7.89 | 0.56 (0.17,1.85 |
| No | 28 | 221 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Died close family or relative | Yes | 21 | 41 | 4.15 (2.15,8.04) | 2.92 (1.01,8.50)* |
| No | 27 | 219 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Has major financial crisis | Yes | 14 | 23 | 4.24 (1.99,9.03) | 1.74 (0.55,5.49 |
| No | 34 | 237 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Sacked from job | Yes | 5 | 7 | 4.20 (1.28,13.85 | 0.67 (0.21,2.11) |
| No | 43 | 253 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Unemployed/not able to work | Yes | 15 | 26 | 4.09 (1.97,8.51) | 3.21 (0.68,15.12) |
| No | 33 | 234 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Separation due to marital difficulty | Yes | 13 | 29 | 2.96 (1.40,6.23) | 0.72 (0.22,2.40) |
| No | 35 | 231 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Broken off steady friendship/relationship | Yes | 14 | 19 | 5.22 (2.40,11.37) | 0.75 (0.22,2.50) |
| No | 34 | 241 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Serious problem with close friend, neighbor /relative | Yes | 13 | 24 | 3.65 (1.70,7.83) | 1.86 (0.51,6.81) |
| No | 35 | 236 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Any problems with police/court | Yes | 6 | 12 | 2.95 (1.05,8.30) | 0.62 (0.19,2.05) |
| No | 42 | 248 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Emotional/physical abused by parents | Yes | 9 | 17 | 3.30 (1.37,7.92) | 1.51 (0.47,4.90) |
| No | 39 | 243 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Had a current hospitalized baby | Yes | 27 | 68 | 3.63 (1.926,6.84) | 3.32 (1.39,7.93)* |
| No | 21 | 192 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Pregnancy intention | Planned | 35 | 225 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Unplanned | 13 | 35 | 2.39 (1.15,4.95) | 0.75 (0.25,2.21) | |
| Forced sexual activity | Suffered | 13 | 22 | 4.02 (1.86,8.69) | 2.00 (0.68,5.93) |
| Not suffered | 35 | 238 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Diagnosed mental illness in the family | Yes | 15 | 29 | 3.62 (1.76,7.46 | 2.04 (0.68,6.14) |
| No | 33 | 231 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | Yes | 12 | 16 | 5.08 (2.23,11.6) | 2.40 (0.69,8.35) |
| No | 36 | 244 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Key: * = p-value less than 0.05; COR crude odds ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval