Table 3.
Characteristics of included.
| Studies (year) | Multicenter clinical study (Yes/No) | Diagnostic criteria | Patient admission time | No. of participants(T/C)(M/F) | Mean age (years) (T/C) | Course of disease (T/C) | Intervention group (main acupuncture points) | Frequency and treatment course | Control group | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xu et al. 2015 [43] | No | Rome III | From March 2012 to February 2014 | (20/27)/(21/25) | (38.76 ± 9.52)/(39.74 ± 10.28) | (2.42 ± 0.53) y/(2.01 ± 0.19) y | MA (PC6, ST36, ST25 of both sides; CV6, CV10, CV12, CV13, EX-HN3, DU24, DU20) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 15 min before each meal) 4 w | Categorical, NDLQI |
| Tang et al. 2006 [44] | No | Rome II | Not specified | (15/17)/(14/16) | (38.2 ± 11.3)/(36.7 ± 12.8) | (3 m–10 y)/(3 m–9 y) | MA (ST36, ST44, LR3, PC6, BL20, BL21, BL18 of both sides; CV12) | Once daily for 3 courses; 10 d/course | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 30 days | Categorical |
| Luo 2008 [45] | No | Rome III | From December 2006 to December 2007 | (15/15)/(17/13) | (46.31 ± 10.43)/(42.13 ± 12.3) | (26.88 ± 6.18) m/(24.23 ± 6.79) m | M (CV12) | Once daily for 4 w | MA(CV12) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Yang 2009 [46] | No | Rome III | From April 2008 to January 2009 | (13/11)/(14/10) | (35.70 ± 10.43)/(35.23 ± 11.25) | (18.40 ± 12.73)m/(18.17 ± 13.55)m | EA(CV12, BL12, ST36) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Zou 2010 [47] | No | Rome III | From January 2009 to January 2010 | (13/16)/(14/15) | (38.28 ± 11.53)/(41.38 ± 9.49) | (57.90 ± 19.17) m/(57.45 ± 14.87) m | M(CV12, ST36, BL26, BL21, SP6, BL20) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | MA(CV12, ST36, BL26, BL21, SP6, BL20) Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Categorical |
| Yu 2010 [48] | Yes | Rome III | From April 2008 to August 2009 | (33/82)/(34/83)/(36/81) | (36.68 ± 13.51)/(37.18 ± 13.03)/(37.32 ± 13.79) | (74.50 ± 74.16) m/(64.88 ± 75.81) m/(66.31 ± 66.60) m | EA (ST42, ST40, ST36, ST34 of both sides) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Sham EA (nonacupoints, three in upper limbs and one near ST36) itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical, NDLQI |
| Jin et al. 2013 [49] | No | Rome III | From March 2011 to March 2012 | (12/22)/(16/20) | (45.21 ± 9.37)/(44.81 ± 8.95) | (23.68 ± 14.66) m/(23.89 ± 13.13) m | MA(CV12, ST36, SP6, ST25 of both sides) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 2 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Chen 2013 [50] | No | Rome III | From July 2011 to February 2013 | (12/18)/(14/16) | (45.3 ± 11.8)/(46.2 ± 12.3) | (20.5 ± 7.8) m/(20.6 ± 7.6) m | MA (CV12; ST36, PC6, LR3 of both sides; CV17) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Zheng 2013 [51] | No | Rome III | Not specified | (14/16)/(13/17) | (34.77 ± 10.25)/(34.03 ± 8.97) | (18.50 ± 8.92) m/(21.13 ± 9.98) m | WA (CV12, ST36, SP6) | Once daily, for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Shui et al. 2014 [52] | No | Rome III | From October 2010 to January 2013 | (22/18)/(19/21) | 42/41 | (6 m–10.5 y)/(7.5 m–12y) | MA (SP6, SP9, SJ6 of both sides) | Once daily, 7/w for 3 w | Mosapride citrate dispersible tablets (5 mg taken orally three times a day) for 3 w | Categorical |
| Zhou et al. 2014 [53] | No | Rome III | From March 2011 to September 2012 | (12/22/(16/20) | (45 ± 9)/(45 ± 9) | (23.68 ± 14.65) m/(23.89 ± 13.13) m | MA(CV12, ST36, ST25, SP6) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 2 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Fu et al. 2014 [54] | No | Rome III | From December 2011 to June 2013 | (19/21)/(17/23)/(18/22) | (40.03 ± 9.37)/(41.47 ± 10.56)/(40.89 ± 9.76) | (17.08 ± 12.97) m/(18.42 ± 9.37) m/(17.97 ± 10.28) m | AA(CV12, ST36, ST25, SP6) | Once daily, 6/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Liu 2015 [55] | No | Rome III | From May 2013 to May 2014 | (19/15)/(18/16) | (38 ± 9)/(38 ± 9) | (15.54 ± 6.77) m/(14.82 ± 7.31) m | MA (CV12; PC6, LR14, ST25, ST36, LR3, LR2 of both sides) | Once daily, 7/w for 2 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 2 w | Categorical |
| Cheng 2015 [56] | No | Rome III | During the period of 2014 | (8/12)/(11/9) | (51.60 ± 12.05)/(52.65 ± 11.33) | (4.83 ± 0.97) m/(4.72 ± 1.19) m | EA(CV12, BL12, ST36, LR3, RN17) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 2 w | Categorical |
| Yang 2016 [57] | No | Rome III | From June 2014 to August 2015 | (7/11)/(7/9) | (40.26 ± 10.9)/(40.41 ± 9.33) | (21.02 ± 9.67) m/(20.38 ± 10.52) m | MA(ST36, CV12, ST25) | Once daily, 6/w for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Li and Tan 2017 [58] | No | Rome III | From December 2013 to December 2015 | (33/19)/(30/21) | (82.2 ± 6.8)/(82.8 ± 7.1) | (1.8 ± 0.5) y/(1.9 ± 0.4) y | MA (BL20, BL21, ST36, RN11, ST23) | Once daily, 7/w for 4 w | Mosapride citrate dispersible tablets (5 mg taken orally three times a day) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Liu et al. 2017 [59] | No | Rome III | Not specified | 24/24 | (10–50) | (0.5–7) y | MA(SP14, ST42) | Once daily, 7/w for 4 w | Mosapride citrate dispersible tablets (5 mg taken orally three times a day) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Wu 2017 [60] | No | Rome III | From July 2015 to February 2017 | (12/13)/(11/14) | (42.14 ± 11.29)/(41.35 ± 12.01) | (36.34 ± 13.24) m/(34.68 ± 12.80) m | ACE(CV12, ST36, ST25, BL18, BL20) | Once daily for 3 courses; 10 d/course | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 30 d | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Zhou 2014 [61] | No | Rome III | From April 2015 to April 2016 | (10/19)/(4/23) | (30.3 ± 12.16)/(31.48 ± 13.29) | (37.31 ± 39.18) m/(38.2 ± 34.7) m | MA(ST36, CV12) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | M(ST36, CV12) for 4 w | LDQ, NDLQI |
| Liu et al. 2019 [62] | No | Rome III | From September 2016 to March 2018 | (11/19)/(18/12) | (42.30 ± 11.57)/(40.83 ± 11.50) | (1.5 ± 0.78) y/(0.9 ± 0.56) y | ACE (CV12, ST36, BL21) | Once daily for 4 courses; 15 d/course | Mosapride citrate dispersible tablets (5 mg taken orally three times a day) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Hu 2012 [63] | No | Rome III | From July 2017 to October 2018 | (12/22)/(16/20) | (45.21 ± 9.37)/(44.81 ± 8.95) | (23.68 ± 14.65) m/(23.89 ± 13.13) m | EA (CV12; ST25, PC6, ST36 of both sides) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36, NDLQI |
| Wu 2016 [64] | No | Rome III | From January 2014 to January 2015 | (24/33)/(23/34) | (45.62 ± 5.14)/(45.48 ± 5.09) | (21.54 ± 6.54) m/(21.61 ± 6.48) m | MA (CV12, SP6, ST36, LR3) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Liu et al. 2001 [65] | No | The clinical classification of dyspepsia, 1995 | Not specified | (21/17)/(13/17) | (43.6 ± 14.7)/(42.9 ± 14.6) | 3.16/3.21 | MA(CV12, ST36, PC6, L14, BL21, BL20, LR3, CV6, CV4, ST25) | Once daily, 30 times for 34 day | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day) for one month; | Categorical |
| Yang 2016 [66] | No | Not specified | From April 2015 to April 2016 | (26/29/(25/30) | (39.4 ± 2.6)/(39.7 ± 2.1) | Not specifified | WA (CV12, ST36, ST25) | Once daily, 7/w for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day) for one month; | Categorical |
| Ma et al. 2012 [67] | Yes | Rome III | From April 2008 to October 2009 | (23/83)/(34/84)/(37/82) | (38.1 ± 13.5/(36.8 ± 13.1)/(36.2 ± 13.9) | (74.2 ± 73.9) m/(64.4 ± 75.6) m | EA (CV12; ST25, ST36 of both sides) | Once daily, 6/w for 2w | Sham EA (nonacupoints, near the main acupoints of EA group) for 2 w | SID, 36 |
| Zhang 2009 [68] | No | Rome III | From April 2008 to January 2009 | (13/11)/(14/10) | (35.70 ± 10.43)/(35.23 ± 11.25) | (18.40 ± 12.73) m/(18.17 ± 13.55) m | EA (CV12, BL12, ST36) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Itopride hydrochloride tablets (50 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical, SF-36 |
| Wang et al. 2015 [69] | No | Rome III | From December 2012 to December 2013 | (10/24)/(8/26) | 41.8/44.6 | 5.48 y/8.29 y | MA (ST36, PC5) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Sham MA (nonacupoints, near the main acupoints of EA group) for 4 w | Categorical, NDLQI |
| Wang et al. 2016 [70] | No | Rome III | From April 2014 to March 2015 | (13/15)/(16/12) | (38 ± 15)/(38 ± 14) | (22.35 ± 10.83) m/(22.39 ± 11.91) m | MA (ST20, ST21, SP4, BL20, CV6) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 2 w | NDI |
| Li et al. 2015 [71] | No | Rome III | From May 2013 to May 2014 | (37/24)/(36/25) | (64 ± 5.83)/(66 ± 6.49) | Not specifified | M (CV12, CV8, ST25, ST36, BL20, BL18, BL17, SP6 of both sides) | Once daily, 7/w for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Xie and Xu 2018 [72] | No | Rome III | From July 2016 to July 2017 | (56/44) | (44 ± 11)/(43 ± 11) | (7.5 ± 1.5) y/(7.6 ± 1.9) | M (CV8, CV12) | Once daily, 7/w for 4 w | Domperidone (10 mg taken orally three times a day, 30 min before each meal) for 4 w | Categorical |
| Zeng 2010 [73] | Yes | Rome III | From April 2008 to October 2009 | (33/83)/(34/84) | (38.11 ± 13.46)/(36.76 ± 13.10) | (76.47 ± 75.02) m/(65.43 ± 76.36) m | EA(ST34, ST42, ST40) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Sham MA (nonacupoints, near the main acupoints of EA group) for 4 w | Categorical, NDLQI |
| Jin et al. 2014 [74] | No | Rome III | From July, 2010 to January 2011 | (11/17)/(10/18) | (49.32 ± 10.29)/(48.25 ± 11.40) | (12.20 ± 12.20) y/(12.11 ± 10.20) y | MA (ST36, KI3, GB4, PC6, HT7) | Every other day, 3-4/w for 4 w | Sham MA (nonacupoints, different area of innervation with the main acupoints of MA group) for 4 w | SF-36 |
| Wang et al. 2012 [75] | Yes | Rome III | From April 2008 to December 2009 | (14/22)/(12/29) | (33.05 ± 1.22)/(32.56 ± 1.20) | (66.58 ± 5.16) m/(47.29 ± 4.04) m | EA(ST42, ST36, ST40, ST34) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Sham EA (nonacupoints, near the main acupoints of MA group) for 4 w | SF-36 |
| Li 2014 [76] | No | Rome III | From September 2012 to July 2013 | (12/23/(13/23) | (33.05 ± 1.22)/(32.56 ± 1.21) | (6.35 ± 8.09) y/(8.55 ± 9.59) y | EA (ST36, PC6 of one side; switch the sides each time) | Once daily, 5/w for 4 w | Sham EA (nonacupoints, three points in upper limbs and one near ST36) for 4 w | NDLQI |
| Ma 20 14 [77] | No | Rome III | From January 2011 to December 2012 | (17/15)/(13/16) | (36 ± 5)/(34 ± 5) | (45 ± 7.1) m/(46 ± 8.8) m | EA (CV12; ST25, ST36 of both sides) | Once daily, 6/w for 2 w | Sham EA (nonacupoints, near the main acupoints of EA group) for 2 w | Categorical, SF-36, NDLQI |
Categorical: For 28 of these trials [43–60, 62, 63, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71–73, 77], the effectiveness rate was calculated by China's clinical effective standards; NDI, SID, LDQ in the table represents a measure of efficiency using this index. Effectiveness rate = (total points of symptom before treatment − total points of symptom after treatment)/total points of symptom before treatment × 100%. The total effective rate was calculated for the number of cured and improved cases; EA: electroacupuncture; MA: manual acupuncture; WA: warm acupuncture; AA: acupoint application; ACE: acupoint catgut embedding; M: moxibustion; NDI: nepean dyspepsia index; SID: symptom index of dyspepsia; SF-36: the MOS item short from health survey, SF-36; NDLQI: Nepean Dyspepsia Life Quality Index; m: month; y: year; w: week; d: day; M: male, F: Female.