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. 2020 Mar 24;11:469. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00469

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Cryopreservation affects the ultrastructure of amniotic membrane. (A–D) Ultrastructure of fAM. Amniotic epithelial cells (AEC) are well-connected with surrounding cells and basal lamina (A,C,D), and fibers of fAM stroma (B) were tightly interwoven (red arrows). (E–H) Ultrastructure of cAM. The apical surface is partly damaged, the remaining AEC are well-connected with surrounding cells and basal lamina (E,G,H), and fibers of cAM stroma are forming thicker strands of fibers (F; white arrows). Bulbous forms on apical microvilli of amniotic epithelial cells of fAM (arrowhead), area of exposed basal lamina due to removal of AEC (E; asterisk), well-developed desmosomes (squares) connecting AEC. Three independent replications of experiments using three biological samples of fAM were conducted and five independent replications of experiments using five biological samples of cAM were performed. Scale bars: (A,E) 10 μm; (B,C,F,G) 5 μm; (D,H) 500 nm.