Table 2.
Prevalence of Bacterial Families in the Nasopharynx of Infants With Acute Otitis Media and Healthy Controlsa
| Infants With AOM, % |
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| Controls |
Antibiotic Exposure |
PCV7 Vaccination |
|||||||
| Organism | No. (%) | All No. (%) | P Valueb | Yes No. (%) | No No. (%) | P Valueb | Yes No. (%) | No No. (%) | P Valueb |
| Total number of study infants | 10 | 153 | 39 | 114 | 87 | 66 | |||
| Moraxellaceae | 9 (90) | 145 (95) | .4 | 37 (95) | 108 (95) | 1 | 81 (93) | 64 (97) | .5 |
| Streptococcaceae | 9 (90) | 113 (74) | .5 | 23 (59) | 90 (79) | .02 | 60 (69) | 53 (80) | .1 |
| Pasteurellaceae | 6 (60) | 91 (60) | 1 | 27 (69) | 64 (56) | .2 | 55 (63) | 36 (55) | .3 |
| Staphylococcaceae | 7 (70) | 29 (19) | .001 | 7 (18) | 22 (19) | 1 | 16 (18) | 13 (20) | .8 |
| Corynebacteriaceae | 8 (80) | 71 (46) | .05 | 9 (23) | 62 (54) | .001 | 33 (38) | 38 (58) | .02 |
| Flavobacteriaceae | 7 (70) | 24 (16) | .0004 | 10 (26) | 14 (12) | .07 | 15 (17) | 9 (14) | .7 |
| Carnobacteriaceae | 5 (50) | 25 (16) | .02 | 10 (26) | 15 (13) | .08 | 15 (17) | 10 (15) | .8 |
| Enterobacteriaceae | 4 (40) | 25 (16) | .08 | 11 (28) | 14 (12) | .03 | 17 (20) | 8 (12) | .3 |
| Comamonadaceae | 6 (60) | 23 (15) | .003 | 7 (18) | 16 (14) | .6 | 16 (18) | 7 (11) | .3 |
| Streptococcaceae with S. pneumoniaec | 1 (10) | 80 (52) | .0002 | 15 (38) | 65 (57) | .04 | 47 (54) | 33 (50) | .048 |
| Streptococcaceae without S. pneumoniaec | 8 (80) | 33 (22) | 8 (21) | 25 (22) | 13 (15) | 20 (30) | |||
Abbreviations: AOM, acute otitis media; PCV7, heptavalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; S. pneumoniae, Streptoccocus pneumoniae.
a
Presence of a bacterial family was defined as detection of at least 1 sequence attributed to this family.
b
Fisher exact test (2 × 2 or 2 × 3) was used as appropriate using absolute sample numbers.
c
Presence of S. pneumoniae was based on bacterial culture results [18].