Table 3.
Clinical Characteristics of the First Respiratory Virus Detection Episodes in the First 2 Years of Life in 152 Infants Participating in the Observational Research in Childhood Infectious Diseases (ORChID) Birth Cohort (n = 9594 Swabs)
| Virusa | No. of Infants | ARI Episodes, URTI/ LRTIb, % |
Risk Difference for ARI Episodes, % (95% CI) |
Median ARI Symptom Duration, d (IQR) | Median Difference of ARI Episode Duration, d (95% CI)c |
Medical Visits FP/ED/ Hospitalizedd,e, % |
Risk Difference for Medical Visits, % (95% CI) |
Antibiotics After Any Medical Visite, % | Risk Difference for Antibiotics, % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRV | 130 | 46.2/6.2 | 0.0 (ref) | 5.5 (3–10) | 0.0 (ref) | 13.1/0.0/0.8 | 0.0 (ref) | 23.5 | 0.0 (ref) |
| RSV | 54 | 31.5/46.3 | 25.5 (11.4 to 39.5) | 9 (7–11) | 1.8 (–0.2 to 6.2) | 37.0/5.6/1.9 | 24.0 (9.8 to 38.1) | 55.0 | 34.4 (4.4 to 64.4) |
| PIV | 52 | 50.0/21.2 | 18.8 (3.8 to 33.9) | 9 (4–14) | 1.8 (–0.4 to 6.4) | 26.9/1.0/0.0 | 15.8 (2.2 to 29.4) | 35.7 | 12.2 (–20.0 to 44.4) |
| INFV | 11 | 54.5/18.2 | 20.4 (–7.3 to 48.1) | 11 (7–16.5) | 1.9 (–0.2 to 12.2) | 36.4/0.0/0.0 | 23.3 (–5.7 to 52.3) | 75.0 | 51.5 (4.5 to 98.5) |
| HMPV | 18 | 33.3/50.0 | 31.0 (11.8 to 50.2) | 9 (6–11) | 1.3 (–1.7 to 7.7) | 33.3/5.6/0.0 | 20.3 (1.7 to 25.9) | 33.3 | 9.8 (–33.0 to 52.6) |
| HCoV | 67 | 46.3/23.9 | 17.8 (3.9 to 31.8) | 9 (3–13) | 1.9 (–0.1 to 6.1) | 25.4/4.4/0.0 | 13.8 (1.7 to 25.9) | 50.0 | 26.5 (–4.2 to 57.1) |
| AdV | 52 | 44.2/25.0 | 16.9 (1.7 to 32.1) | 10 (5–13.5) | 2.9 (1.6 to 8.4) | 32.7/0.0/0.0 | 19.6 (5.6 to 33.6) | 58.8 | 35.3 (4.4 to 66.2) |
| HPyV | 70 | 41.4/15.7 | 4.8 (–9.7 to 19.3) | 11 (4–17.5) | 3.0 (1.7 to 8.3) | 15.7/0.0/0.0 | 4.1 (–6.5 to 14.6) | 66.6 | 43.1 (9.7 to 76.6) |
| HBoV-1 | 73 | 50.7/15.1 | 13.4 (–0.4 to 27.3) | 9 (5–14) | 1.9 (–0.1 to 8.0) | 26.0/2.7/0.0 | 13.0 (1.3 to 24.6) | 57.9 | 34.4 (4.4 to 64.4) |
Abbreviations: AdV, adenovirus; ARI, acute respiratory infection; CI, confidence interval; ED, emergency department; FP, family physician; HBoV-1, human bocavirus-1; HCoV, human coronavirus; HMPV, human metapneumovirus; HPyV, human polyomavirus; HRV, human rhinovirus; INFV, influenza virus; IQR, interquartile range; LRTI, lower respiratory tract infection; PIV, parainfluenza virus; ref, reference; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection.
aDetected in nasal swabs collected weekly by parents.
bMutually exclusive hierarchical classification of ARI episodes (LRTI > URTI).
cMedian difference of ARI episode duration calculated by quantile regression technique.
dMedical visits were not mutually exclusive categories as an infant may have had >1 medical encounter in different settings during a single ARI episode.
eMedical visits and antibiotic information were derived from the ARI burden diary triggered in 223 of 233 (95.7%) eligible recorded ARI episodes.